Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is cancer that begins in the colon or rectum, depending on where it is located, these cancers may also be called colon cancer or rectal cancer, and it is the third most common tumor in Egypt in males after urinary bladder and lymphohematopoietic malignancies and ranks fifth in females following bladder cancers. Aim of the study: The present study aimed to assess awareness about risk factors of colorectal cancer among employees at Minia University. Design: A cross-sectional design was used for this study. Setting: This study was conducted at five faculties in Minia University (Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Faculty of Science, and Faculty of Nursing) randomly selected. Sample: The study was conducted on 365 employees from the selected faculties to participate in this study over six months from July 2020 to December 2020. Tool of data Collection Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, consisted of two parts: Part I: personal data of employees. Part II: Bowel / colorectal cancer awareness assessment. Results: More than half (56.7 %) of the study participants had poor CRC awareness. Education, family history, occupation, and residence were the significant factors related to participants' awareness (p-value 0.00, 0.006, 0.001, 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: This study concluded that the majority of participants had inadequate awareness about colorectal cancer risk factors. There is a highly statistically significant difference as regards the level of awareness of participants and their level of education, family history of CRC, occupation, and residence. Recommendations: Encourage health practitioners to disseminate information to the general public on safe lifestyles and cancer prevention and conducting further researches to investigate barriers and misconceptions about CRC screening programs.

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common reproductive problem affecting more than one-third of women between 20-59 years of age, and more than half of women over 60 years worldwide, and negatively affecting their daily physical activities. Aim: To assess determinants and symptoms severity of pelvic organ prolapse and its effect on physical activities among the elderly versus childbearing women. Methodology: A descriptive research design was carried out on a purposive sample of 300 cases (150 for each childbearing and old age women) attended to the outpatient gynecologic clinic of Minia Maternal and Child University Hospital, at Minia governorate, Egypt, over a period of six months from October 2019 till March 2020, and met the following inclusion criteria: Females were of childbearing age (≥ 18-49 yrs.), and of old age (≥60 yrs.), diagnosed as pelvic organ prolapse (POP), able to communicate and agree to participate in the study. Tools: Three tools were utilized to collect data. First tool: A Structured questionnaire sheet covered (demographic data, medical and obstetrical history, and self-reported symptoms of POP). Second tool: Severity of POP assessment tool. Third tool: Physical activities assessment scale (ASS). Results: It was found that 50% of the elderly women versus (23%) of the childbearing women had severe symptoms of POP, moreover, (66.7% & 13.3%) of them respectively had greater impairment in their physical activities with a highly statistically significant difference between the two studied groups, and there was a positive correlation between the severity of prolapse symptoms and the degree of physical impairment among both studied groups. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis reflected that age, higher parity, vaginal deliveries, level of education, body mass index, duration of prolapse, and chronic constipation were significantly affected the severity of prolapse symptoms among both studied groups. Conclusion: The severity of POP symptoms was higher among the elderly versus childbearing age women which consequently lowering their physical activities. Additionally, (aging, malpractice of pelvic floor exercise, higher parity, vaginal deliveries, overweight, chronic constipation, and heavy lifting) are the commonest leading determinants of POP and are significantly associated with the severity of prolapse symptoms among the studied sample. Recommendations: An urgent need for health educational intervention by health care providers targeting the primary prevention considering the concluded leading determinants of prolapse, as well as secondary prevention for women with mild to moderate degree of genital prolapse at all places especially in the rural communities.

Background: The helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects more than half of the world's population and associated with the development of 78% of all gastric cancers primarily in developing countries. Patients' education is vital in preventing the intrafamilial transmission as well as in improving medication adherence for H. Pylori eradication therapy. Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on improving medication adherence, knowledge and practice regarding intrafamilial transmission among helicobacter pylori patients. Methodology: Quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Sample: A purposive sample of two hundred Patients met the following inclusion criteria; patients who aged ≥ 18 yrs. of both sexes, diagnosed as H. pylori infection by positive stool antigen test and under the same strategy of H. pylori eradication therapy. Setting: The current study was carried out at the medical clinic of Minia university hospital, Egypt. Tools of data collection: Two tools were utilized to collect data; 1 st one: Is a Structured interviewing questionnaire sheet covered three parts (Sociodemographic data-knowledge questionnaire related to the H. pylori infection and a self-reported practices regarding its intrafamilial transmission), and the 2 nd one: Medication adherence scale. Results: It was founded that near to three-quarters of the intervention group adhered to H. pylori eradication therapy after the educational intervention compared with only about one-third of the control group. Moreover; there was a significant improvement in the total score of knowledge and practices among the study group regarding H. pylori infection its intrafamilial transmission after receiving educational intervention than before. Conclusion: Application of educational intervention was effective in improving medication adherence, as well as improving the knowledge and practices regarding H. pylori infection and its intrafamilial transmission among infected patients of the study group versus the control group. Recommendations: General population education must be implemented in Egypt, especially among at-risk populations around H. pylori infection and its intrafamilial transmission, as well as the importance of adherence to H. Pylori eradication therapy especially among older adults.

Background:The individual Behavior-based vulnerability to COVID-19 imposes risk of underestimation without objective evaluation. This study aimed to develop a tool for behavior-based risk of exposure to droplet infection (REDI) during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Initial REDI was developed with four domains (precautions for direct droplet infection, precautions for indirect droplet infection, precautions in a shared shelter, and precaution in health facilities), then validated through an online cross-sectional study among 608 non-health facilities' workers/clients (NHF), 201 clients in health facilities during last month (CIHF), and 386 workers in health facilities (WIHF). Results: The final model confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit of the model [χ2/df = (1.45-1.86), GFI＝ (0.90-0.96), CFI＝ (0.89-0.96), RMSEA = (0.036-0.048)] among NHF, CIHF, and WIHF with Cronbach's values 0.82, 0.80, and 0.87, respectively. Perceived/measured REDI was 0.28/0.66 (±0.20/0.22) in 72.2% of participants. Conclusion: REDI tool is valid and reliable for COVID-19 behavior-based risk identification.

Background: The helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects more than half of the world's population and is associated with the development of 78% of all gastric cancers primarily in developing countries. Patients' education is vital in preventing intrafamilial transmission as well as in improving medication adherence for H. Pylori eradication therapy. Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on improving medication adherence, knowledge, and practice regarding intrafamilial transmission among helicobacter pylori patients. Methodology: Quasiexperimental research design (Pre/post-test) was utilized. Sample: A purposive sample of two hundred patients met the following inclusion criteria; patients aged ≥ 18 yrs. of both sexes, diagnosed with H. pylori infection by positive stool antigen test, and under the same strategy of H. pylori eradication therapy. Setting: The current study was carried out at the medical clinic of Minia university hospital, Minia governorate, Egypt. Tools of data collection: Two tools were utilized to collect data; 1 st one: Is a Structured interviewing questionnaire sheet covered three parts (demographic data, knowledge assessment questionnaire regarding to the H. pylori infection, and selfreported practices regarding its intrafamilial transmission), and the 2 nd one: Medication adherence scale. Results: It was founded that near to three-quarters of the intervention group adhered to H. pylori eradication therapy after the educational intervention compared with only about one-third of the control group. Moreover, there was a significant improvement in the total score of knowledge and practices among the study group regarding H. pylori infection and its intrafamilial transmission after receiving the educational intervention than before. Conclusion: The application of educational intervention was effective in improving medication adherence, as well as improving the knowledge and practices regarding H. pylori infection, and its intrafamilial transmission among infected patients of the study group versus the control group. Recommendations: General population education must be implemented in Egypt, especially among at-risk populations around H. pylori infection and its intrafamilial transmission, as well as the importance of adherence to H. Pylori eradication therapy especially among older adults.

Background: Using OSCE can help educators to evaluate students' competency, based on objective testing as well as it is foster students to develop many skills as problem solving, decision making, emotional intelligence, feedback seeking behaviors, emotional stability, and clinical judgment. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of OSCE on nursing students' emotional intelligence and feedback seeking behavior. Research design was a descriptive correlational design. Setting was Faculty of Nursing at Minia University. Subjects: included all first year and fourth year nursing students in the academic year 2018-2019 (N =717). Tools: Three tools were utilized to collect pertinent data for this current study. Results: the fourth year students had high score for OSCE feedback, EI, FSB than the first years who had moderate score. Conclusion: the current study concluded that the fourth year students had high score regarding their OSCE feedback, EI, and FSB than the first year. Also, there were positive correlations between the using of OSCE and students high level of EI as well as high level of FSB. Recommendation: encourage the use of OSCE to improve students' ability clinically, emotionally and cognitively.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is accompanying by possibly risky impacts on the mother and fetus. Therefore, early detection of gestational diabetes mellitus allows enhancing pregnancy consequences and announcing women to suitable nutrition & lifestyle health promotion. Aim: To evaluate the effect of educational sessions on improving knowledge and lifestyle among rural versus urban gestational diabetic women. Subjects and Method: Design: Quasi-experimental pretest/posttest research design was utilized. Subjects:A purposive sample of 80 women carefully chosen by purposive sampling method as described in inclusion criteria, attended out-patient clinics of Maternal and Child Minia University Hospital, and suffer from GDM. Tools: The data were gathered by using an Arabic structured interviewing sheet including socio-demographic data, knowledge assessment tool, and lifestyle assessment tool. Results: 65.2% and 70.5% of both urban and rural groups lacked the essential knowledge regarding GDM in the pretest.82% and 80% of them respectively has an unhealthy lifestyle score. However, after the implementation of the educational sessions, it noticed that there was a greatly significant enhancement in their knowledge and healthy lifestyle. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between total knowledge and total lifestyle score, P<0.001 pre and post educational program, so the application of a health educational session plays an important role in improving the knowledge and the lifestyle among women with gestational diabetes in rural and urban areas.Recommendation: Provide a continuous planned educational program and offered on regular basis for both urban and rural groups of women with gestational diabetes to improve their knowledge, the lifestyle and associated morbidity.

Background: Trachoma is an infectious disease; it begins in early childhood with repeated infection of the conjunctiva by Chlamydia trachomatis, Trachoma occurs in areas with poor personal and family hygiene. Trachoma spreads easily, primarily from child to child and from child to caregiver. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of health educational program on mothers' knowledge and practices regarding care of children with trachoma. Study design: quasi-experimental design (pretest-posttest) used to conduct this study. Sample: The study sample includes 60 mothers caring for children with trachoma. Setting: This study was conducted at outpatient Ophthalmological clinics at Minia University hospital and ophthalmology hospital in Minia City .Tools: Three tools were utilized in this study; the first tool was an interviewing structured questionnaire sheet. The second tool: Mothers' knowledge regarding trachoma, and the third tool: self-reported practices scale. Results the minority (5%) of the studied mothers had high level of knowledge pre-educational program that increased to most (91.7%) of them immediately after the end of the educational program and a majority (88.3%) of them after one month of educational program with statistically significant differences. More than one third (41.7%) of them had good self-reported practices level pre-educational program increased to most (91.7%) of them immediately after the end of the educational program and more than majority (88.3%) of them after one month of an educational program with a highly statistically significant difference. Also, there was a strong positive association between mothers' knowledge and their reported practices regarding trachoma at pre-educational program. Conclusion: The teaching program is effective in improving the knowledge and practices of mother , it found that levels of knowledge and practices of mother's posttest were significantly higher compared to pretest. Recommendations: Health education campaigns concerning trachoma ought to be delivered through mass media. Community participation and self-reliance should be enforced. Health education programs directed towards control of communicable eye diseases should be planned and implemented through school health curriculum.