Aim of Study:Combretum aculeatum Vent is commonly used in traditional medicine but no published botanical characterization was available. Macro-and microscopical characters of the aerial parts (leaf, stem and bark) have been studied ZLWK WKH DLP WR ¿QG WKH GLDJQRVWLF IHDWXUHV DQG SRLQWHG WRZDUGV WKHLU LGHQWL¿FDWLRQ LQ ERWK HQWLUH DQG SRZGHUHG IRUP Results: Proximate analysis like moisture contents (7.52 %), total ash (14.09%), water-soluble ash (0.7%), acid-insoluble DVK DQG DOFRKRO VROXEOH H[WUDFW ZHUH GHWHUPLQHG 3HUFHQWDJH \LHOG RI VHTXHQWLDO H[WUDFWLYH YDOXHV RI VDPSOH in petroleum ether (1.85%), methylene chloride (0.92%), ethyl acetate (2.2%) and n-butanol (1.66%) were also evaluated.
Unlike other widely known Aloe species used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, this species suffers from a lack of sufficient studies on its biological and chemical characters. This is what drove us to perform this work to evaluate the in vivo anti-arthritic potential of its leaf ethanolic extract. The in vivo anti-arthritic activity of the leaf ethanolic extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg/day b.wt. was evaluated alone and in combination with methotrexate (MTX) using complete Freund’s adjuvant. Serum levels of rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), cytokines pro-inflammatory marker, inflammatory mediator serum levels, and oxidative stress mediators were analyzed, in addition to liver function. Orientin, isoorientin, β-sitosterol, its palmitate and its glucoside were isolated. The combined therapy of MTX and the leaf ethanolic extract (especially at 200 mg/kg b.wt.) group showed better activity compared to MTX alone. Moreover, the combined therapy provided additional benefits in lowering the liver toxicity by comparison to MTX alone. We concluded that a synergetic combination of the leaf ethanolic extract and MTX is beneficial in the management of rheumatoid arthritis with fewer side effects on liver function, as well as the possibility of the leaf extract to stand alone as an effective natural anti-arthritic agent.
Botanical studyMicroscopical examinations were performed on preserved samples of the leaf, stem, and root in 70 % alcohol containing 5% glycerin. Cross-sections and powdered air-dried samples (No.36 were photographed using microscope with Sony Digital camera (Leica microsystems, Germany).
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