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Background: Various oral hypoglycemic agents have already been administered to type-2 diabetic patients to normalize their plasma glucose concentrations but they have not had complete and sustained success. In recent years, bromocriptine has been tried with controversial results. In present study, the effect of bromocriptine on glycemic control was evaluated in obese type-2 diabetic patients. Methods: In a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 40 obese patients with type-2 diabetes (aged 32–70 years) were randomly allocated to the two treatment groups. The first group received bromocriptine (2.5 mg daily) for a total of 3 months. The second group received placebo. They had been uncontrolled on fixed doses of glibenclamide or its combination with metformin in the 3 months before enrolling in the study. The fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA₁) were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated before and 1, 2 and 3 months after treatment. Results: The FPG level decreased in the bromocriptine-treated group from 10.59 ± 0.42 to 9.06 ± 0.41 mmol/l (mean ± SEM; p < 0.01), whereas in the placebo group it was not changed, 10.69 ± 0.52 and 10.6 ± 0.57 mmol/l, respectively. The HbA₁ concentration was reduced in the bromocriptine-treated group from 9.9 ± 0.3 to 9.5 ±0.2% (p = 0.06), whereas it increased in the placebo-treated group from 10.2 ± 0.3 to 11.3 ± 0.6% (p < 0.05). The differences in HbA₁ (1.8%, p < 0.01) and FPG (1.55 mmol/l, p < 0.05) levels between the bromocriptine and placebo groups at 3 months were significant. No changes in body weight or BMI occurred during the study in either placebo- or bromocriptine-treated group. Conclusion: The data further support the contention that bromocriptine improves glycemic control in obese type-2 diabetic patients, although the mechanism of action remains to be determined.

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Air pollution is a chief factor determining the amount of solar UVB that reaches the earth's surface. Thus, atmospheric pollution may play a significant independent role in the development of vitamin D deficiency.

Zinc molybdate rod-like nanostructures have been successfully synthesized by precipitation method process in the presence of different surfactants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different surfactant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyethylene glycol, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and solvent on the morphology and particle size of final products. It was found that the size and morphology of the products could be greatly influenced by the aforementioned parameters. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first report on the synthesis of ZnMoO 4 nanostructure with different morphologies in the presence of ethanol as a solvent. The assynthesized products were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis, and EDS techniques. To evaluate the photocatalyst properties of nanocrystalline zinc molybdate, the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation was carried out.

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Our data show that in postmenopausal women with vitamin D deficiency, serum levels of HDL have negative correlation with bone status.