To investigate hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha expression in distinct oral squamous cell carcinoma subtypes and topographies and correlate with clinicopathological data. Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 93 cases of OSCC. Clinical and histopathological data were reviewed from medical records. Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha status was distinct according to tumor location, subtype and topography affect. In superficial oral squamous cell carcinomas, most tumor cells overexpressed hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha, whereas hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha was restricted to the intratumoral region in conventional squamous cell carcinomas. All basaloid squamous cell carcinomas exhibited downregulation of hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha. Interestingly, metastatic lymph nodes (91.7%, p = 0.001) and the intratumoral regions of corresponding primary tumors (58.3%, p = 0.142) showed hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha-positive tumor cells. Overall survival was poor in patients with metastatic lymph nodes. Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha has distinct expression patterns in different oral squamous cell carcinoma subtypes and topographies, suggesting that low oxygen tension promotes the growth pattern of superficial and conventional squamous cell carcinoma, but not basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. Indeed, a hypoxic environment may facilitate regional metastasis, making it a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker in primary tumors.

Studies indicate that the hospital has an important role in transmission of various pathogens. To minimize the spread of these microorganisms in hospitals, they proposed various forms of disinfection, however diversity and effectiveness of these methods are varied. Thus, this study aimed to understand the associations and approaches that have been reported in recent years on microorganisms control by disinfectants in the hospital environment, thus enabling the search for new strategies and/or implementation of conducts already performed in other hospitals. In this article they performed a systematic review on the topic, in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes-PRISMA. Articles were selected published between the years 2012-2016 present in the PubMed database. The data demonstrate that reviews many conventional methods may be flawed (10%), or may not be able to reduce the number of microorganisms (30%). The most frequently related microorganisms were Clostridium difficile (20%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (40%), or Enterococcus resistant to vancomycin (20%). There was no evidence statistical differences for a tendency to exchange the conventional methods, however the management was highlighted by 50% of the disinfection process. But our approach has enabled better understanding of mechanisms linked to environmental disinfection process of pathogenic microorganisms, thus pointing to coherent strategies in disinfection processes, which have benefits with the reduction of major causative agents of nosocomial infections and thus with decreasing nosocomial diseases.

Trauma or disease inflicted by tissue injuries may cause tissue degeneration. The use of biomaterials for direct or indirect repair has emerged as a promising alternative, and has become an important research topic. The pequi fruit (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) has shown antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, healing, antitumor, and antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to develop a new biomaterial using a combination of collagen, gelatin, and pulp pequi oil, and to evaluate its biocompatibility in comparison with that of biomaterials produced without pulp pequi oil. Membranes were prepared from a mixture of bovine tendon collagen, commercial gelatin, and pulp pequi oil. The inflammatory and cicatricial processes were assessed via histopathology of the tissue interface/implants in the subcutaneous tissues and quantitative evaluation of leukocyte and collagen production in Wistar rats. It was observed that the presence of pequi oil reduced the amount of foreign-body giant cells and favored the recruitment of fibroblasts (P< 0.01), thereby promoting greater production of collagen membrane than that in the membranes of control samples. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of pequi oil improved the biocompatibility of collagen and accelerated the healing process.

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Espectroscopia óptica no infravermelho próximo (NIRS) Optical spectroscopy in the near infrared (NIRS)

After the description of an element with ability to combat the infectious processes originating from bacteria, starts a race for survival between the interrelationship of species, bacterial and human. With the evolution scientifictechnical, the man was able to synthesize new antibacterial substances, on the other hand the mechanisms of gene evolution enabled the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Some of this organisms are frequent on hospital environment and have high adaptability to new drugs, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. resistant to oxacillin and vancomycin, considered drugs of choice against multidrug-resistant microorganisms. So, a new antibiotics class was developed, superior to vancomycin and oxazolidinone, the linezolid. Thus, the present study aimed at understanding the use of linezolid in drug therapy against multi-resistant bacteria. To perform this study, a literature review of last 10 years was performed. In 2002, after the liberation of the use of linezolid as treatment for infectious processes against gram-positive bacteria, this drug was commonly used throughout the world. Similarly, the pressure of natural selection stood out, and there were records of resistant strains to linezolid. As prospects for control of infections caused by these resistant strains, was approved by the FDA in 2014 the use of drugs with linezolid resistant anti-strains activity. However, we conclude that, in addition to natural selection and genetic variation process, human behavior regarding the use of antibiotics, increases the selection of resistant microorganisms to antibiotic, including linezolid.

We retrospectively evaluated the physical therapy interventions performed on dogs and cats treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Federal University of Goiás - Regional Jataí from 2018 to 2019. From a total of 10 interventions with the establishment of physical therapy protocols, 6 were in canine species and 4 in feline cats. When considering the age of the patients treated, the older animals predominated. But with a wide range, ranging from five months to eight years. Observing the breeds, it was noted that the number of animals without defined breed (SRD) was predominant in the period followed. Regarding the diseases most frequently diagnosed during the analyzed period, the cutaneous lesions appear first, followed by motor dysfunctions, third the right thoracic limb (BAT) lesions, and finally the pelvic limb (MP) lesions. The knowledge of alternatives and or complementary therapies for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of pathologies that affect the functionality of animals are extremely important for those who work in the area, besides serving to highlight the use of Physiotherapy in Veterinary Hospitals.

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