Parental involvement in school has been demonstrated to be a key factor for children’s academic outcomes. However, there is a lack of research in Chile, as well as in Latin American countries in general, leaving a gap in the literature about the generalization of findings outside developed and industrialized countries, where most of the research has been done. The present study aims to analyse the associations between parental involvement in school and children’s academic achievement. Cluster analysis results from a sample of 498 parents or guardians whose children attended second and third grades in 16 public elementary schools in Chile suggested the existence of three different profiles of parental involvement (high, medium, and low) considering different forms of parental involvement (at home, at school and through the invitations made by the children, the teachers, and the school). Results show that there are differences in children’s academic achievement between the parental involvement profiles, indicating children whose parents have a low involvement have lower academic achievement. Findings are in line with international research evidence, suggesting the need to focus on this variable too in Latin American contexts.

This study explored the associations between family support and satisfaction with life, food-related life and family life. It also assessed the associations between both parents’ work-life balance and satisfaction with life, food-related life and family life among adolescent children from dual-earner families. Questionnaires were administered to 303 dual-earner families with one child between 10 and 17 years in Temuco, Chile. Adolescents answered the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Satisfaction with Food-related Life scale (SWFoL), Satisfaction with Family Life scale (SWFaL) and the Family subscale of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Both parents answered the Work-life Balance (WLB) scale. Using structural equation modelling and having controlled for adolescents’ gender, age and socioeconomic status, we confirmed that adolescent life satisfaction is associated with satisfaction with family life and food-related life. Food-related life satisfaction and family life satisfaction had complete mediating roles between perceived family support and adolescents’ life satisfaction. Satisfaction with food-related life also had a complete mediating role between both parents’ WLB and adolescents’ life satisfaction. Satisfaction with family life had a complete mediating role between mothers’ WLB and adolescents’ life satisfaction. In addition, mothers’ WLB was positively associated with perceived family support among adolescents. These findings suggest the need to improve family support and work-life balance among mothers in order to enhance adolescents’ satisfaction with different domains of life in dual-earner families.

Introduction: Studies have shown significant associations between parenting practices, life satisfaction, and self-esteem, and the role of parenting practices in adolescent adjustment, emphasizing its influence on wellbeing. Objectives: To analyze the relationships between parenting practices, self-esteem, and life satisfaction, and test the mediating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between the different parenting practices and life satisfaction of adolescents. Method: The sample came to a total of 742 adolescents, with an average age of 15.63 (SD = 1.24; range 13–19). The Parenting Style Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were used. Results: Perception by adolescents of high levels of affect and communication, self-disclosure, and a sense of humor related to their parents, as well as low levels of psychological control, explained the life satisfaction of the adolescents. Self-esteem exerted a partial mediating effect on the relationship between parenting practices and satisfaction with the life of the adolescent. Finally, self-esteem also appeared to be a moderator variable, specifically in the effect of self-disclosure on the life satisfaction of the adolescent. Conclusions: The results reinforce the role of personal variables, especially self-esteem, in parent-child interaction and in the improved subjective wellbeing of the adolescent.

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(1) Background: The work schedule of nursing personnel often involves double or continuous shifts and sources of stress derived from the work context, making it necessary to ensure their rest and eating habits contribute to a healthy lifestyle. The objective of this study was to analyze the mediating role of stress management on the effect that sleep quality has on uncontrolled and emotional eating by nursing professionals. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 was applied to measure uncontrolled and emotional eating, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index as a measure of sleep quality, and the EQ-i-20M for the stress management component of emotional intelligence. (2) Methods: A sample of 1073 nurses aged 22 to 57 years was selected for this purpose. (3) Results: The main result of this study was that stress management was a mediator in the effect of sleep quality on uncontrolled and emotional eating. Furthermore, low scores for sleeping problems correlated with high scores for stress management. The results also revealed a strong negative association between stress management and uncontrolled and emotional eating. (4) Conclusions: The results are discussed from the perspective of promoting health at work as well as improving the psychosocial wellbeing of nursing professionals and increasing the quality of patient care.

En un contexto de amplio acuerdo científico y legislativo sobre la importancia de la colaboración familia y escuela en los sistemas escolares, este estudio indaga en las nociones de colaboración que sustentan las prácticas de participación familiar en cinco establecimientos de Chile. Usando un cuestionario de involucramiento familiar y a través de entrevistas individuales y grupales, se identifican las nociones de colaboración familia-escuela, los roles, y las expectativas sobre las familias derivadas de éstas. El análisis muestra cómo las nociones de colaboración de docentes y familias privilegian cierto tipo de participación mientras invisibilizan otros. Se problematiza el hecho de que las familias, unilateralmente, sean construidas como las responsables últimas del éxito de la relación familia-escuela. Internationally there is wide scientific and legislative agreement on the relevance of school-family collaboration in education. Following this premise, this study explores the notions of collaboration that sustain participation and involvement practices in five schools in Chile. Utilizing a questionnaire based on Hoover-Dempsey & Sandler´s scales of parental involvement and individual and group interviews with teachers and families, meanings about school-family collaboration, roles and teachers´ expectations for families are explored. Results show how notions of collaboration held by teachers and families privilege certain aspects while invisiblizing others. Further results indicate accountability and blame discourses for the failure of successful school-family collaborations attributed to non-participating families by teachers and those families who do participate in school-based activities.

El objetivo de este estudio es adaptar y validar el Cuestionario de Compromiso Escolar desarrollado en Chile en adolescentes escolarizados de Colombia, Uruguay, España y Perú. Para asegurar la equivalencia cultural y lingüística en cada uno de los países, los ítems fueron en primer lugar revisados por siete expertos en educación y posteriormente por treinta adolescentes con características similares a las de la población objetivo. Los cuestionarios fueron aplicados a 1578 estudiantes en los cuatro países, a través de una plataforma informática con versiones diferenciadas para cada uno de ellos. Las propiedades psicométricas de las versiones en cada uno de los países fueron adecuadas, de este modo, los análisis de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales exploratorios mostraron que en todos los países se replicó la estructura original de tres factores (compromiso afectivo, cognitivo y conductual), y la fiabilidad fue adecuada en todos los casos.

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