Higher-order thinking skills (HOT) are expected to be skills needed now and in the future. Many learning strategies are applied to increase HOT. However, how effective is this in improving students' HOT abilities? This study will examine how effective learning is to improve HOT thinking skills. We use meta-analysis research techniques to analyze the research quantitatively. We have selected 21 articles from 60 Google Scholars that use models, media, and science learning assessments to improve HOT. Heterogeneity analysis (trim-fill, funnel plot approach, and Z value calculation) was used to prove the absence of publication bias. Forest plot analysis showed an average increase in learning effectiveness of 0.32 on the moderate effect. It shows that the effectiveness of learning is supported by strategies for using media, methods, and strategies for assessment. These factors are proven to increase the effectiveness of students' HOT abilities.
Keywords: HOTs, learning, meta-analysis;
Higher order thinking skills (HOTS) are expected to be skills needed now and in the future. Many learning strategies are applied to increase HOTS. Nonetheless, how effective is this in improving students’ HOT abilities? This study will examine how effective learning is to improve HOT skills. We used meta-analysis research techniques to analyse the research quantitatively. We selected 21 out of 60 articles from Google Scholar that used models, media and science learning assessments to improve HOT. Heterogeneity analysis (trim-fill, funnel plot approach and Z-value calculation) was used to prove the absence of publication bias. Forest plot analysis showed an average increase in learning effectiveness (0.32), with a moderate effect. It shows that the effectiveness of learning is supported by strategies of using media, methods and assessment. These factors are proven to increase the effectiveness of students’ HOT abilities.
Keywords: HOTS, learning, meta-analysis.
Kol merah merupakan salah satu sumber antosianin alami, dimana dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber foto sensitiser untuk prototipe Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Fabrikasi DSSC dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan penggabungan antara TiO2, kaca substrak, elektrolit, karbon, dan Dye dalam bentuk sandwich. Dalam penelitian ini TIO2 direndam dalam larutan ekstrak kol merah (Brassica Oleracea Var) dengan variasi waktu yang berbeda-beda yaitu pada, 3 jam, 5 jam, 12 jam. Didapatkan hasil bahwa perendaman 12 jam merupakan hasil terbaik dengan arus maksimal (Imax) 14,6 µA dan tegangan maksimal(Vmax)9,4 mV, dan efisiensinya 0,87 × 10 −4 %.
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