At the stage of the strategic or tactical managerial decisions justification, it is important to choose the right approach, verify proper information sources, develop methods to identify the status of the enterprise. The mentioned prerequisites necessitate the development of methodological tools for the formation of appropriate information and analytical support. The aim of the study is to substantiate the methodology of assessing the ecological and economic security of forestry farms and to test this methodology basing on the data received from state forestry enterprises. The subject of the study is the methodological aspects of developing the methodic for assessing the ecological and economic security of forests, taking into account the peculiarities of their functioning as complex ecologicaleconomic systems. The latter determines the essence of the hypothesis, which requires the use of an integrated indicator for assessing the security of forestry enterprises, taking into account interdependent and interconnected economic and environmental components. Methodic for assessing the ecological and economic security of forest holdings is a sequence of stages that ensure the formation of an information base for the research; selection of indicators; their processing using component, index, normative methods; interpretation of the results of calculations. The authors specify the content of the main terms: ecological, economic, financial, techno-technological, social security, safety of forest use, reforestation, forest protection activity. The methodic has been tested on the data from forest enterprises in Volyn and Rivne regions of Ukraine. The authors obtained adequate results, which indicate a high and satisfactory level of ecological and economic security of these enterprises in 2017. The strengths and weaknesses of the enterprises and the factors that influenced them were revealed. The methodology for assessing ecological and economic security is a tool for obtaining the necessary information about the status of the enterprise in order to substantiate practical recommendations for the further development of forestry as a coherent and stable system.
According to the data of the State Cadastre, at the beginning of 2021, the nature reserve fund counted 8,633 territories and objects with a total area of 4.1 million hectares, which was 6.8% of the country's area. These territories are under the authority of various departments. The main purpose of protected areas is to preserve unique landscapes, species of flora and fauna for future generations. Today, the task is to increase the area of the nature reserve fund. It has been established that national natural parks (NPPs) are one of the largest objects of the protected fund in terms of area. To date, 56 NPPs have been created, which occupy an area of 1,399,161 hectares, which is 30.6% of the entire nature reserve fund. Administrations have been created in national parks to implement the functions entrusted to the park. These include preservation and protection of unique landscapes, conducting scientific research, recreational activities and educational work. The territory of the park includes lands of different purposes. These are mainly forests and other wooded areas (60%), the sea - 21%, inland waters - 6%, agricultural land - 5%, For the effective management of the national natural park, projects are being developed for the organization of the territory of the NPP for the protection, reproduction and recreational use of its natural complexes and objects. At the same time, a project approach is used, which makes it possible to achieve the strategic goals of the park with the help of the proposed measures. It is proposed to grow energy willow on agricultural lands. The environmental component of the project is important, as we have zero carbon emissions when using willow as fuel, which is important at the current price of energy resources. A technological map of growing has been developed, the efficiency of growing energy willow in the territories of the Nobel NPP has been calculated.
In Ukraine, the formation of the Emerald Network, which consists of special nature conservation areas, is underway. According to the resolutions and recommendations of the EU, a management plan must be developed for the objects of the Emerald Network, which will define both short-term and long-term management goals and ways to achieve them. Ukraine is developing a legislative framework for the objects of the Emerald Network. The definition of a management plan proposed by various authors for protected areas is given. It is proposed to consider a management plan as a document that implements the development strategy of a nature reserve object with specified projects and determined financial resources that will ensure their implementation. The advantages of having management plans and the requirements for their development are outlined. An author’s approach to the development of management plans is proposed, the stages of its construction are defined. Projects for the organization of the park territory are being developed for protected objects, in particular national natural parks in Ukraine. A comparative analysis of management plans and projects of the organization was carried out. Proposals on the use of management plans in the work of nature protection institutions of Ukraine have been developed.
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