Macrophages are tissue-based phagocytes that play the central role in initiating defence mechanism of host immunity. Macrophage expresses inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that inhibit pathogen replication by releasing a variety of effector molecules which includes nitric oxide (NO). In the present study ethanol extract of Piper nigrum Linn. (white pepper) seed was investigated for its cytotoxicity and in vitro immunomodulatory properties using cell proliferation and NO determination assay with J774a-1, macrophage cell line. The ethanol seed extract was found to exhibit toxicity at higher concentrations of 50?g/ml and 100?g/ml. The seed preparation was observed to enhance both, the proliferation of macrophage cell with higher percentage proliferation of 29.24 at 12.5?g/ml and the production of NO with significant stimulation level of 47.74% at 12.5?g/ml compared to the control. Since the results show the modulator effect of Piper nigrum Linn. seed on macrophage cells, it could be considered to possess immunomodulatory potential.
Plants are widely used by all sections of the society either as folk medicines or as pharmaceutical preparation of modern
medicine. In vitro propagation of plants holds great promise for conservation and enhancement of valuable medicinal
plants. Cleome rutidosperma has been used in indian ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of a wide number of health
disorders. The present study deals with the influence of different plant growth regulators (PGR) including kinetin (Kin), 6-
Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on the growth of plant and the identification and
comparison of bioactive constituents of wild and in situ propagated C. rutidosperma plant using Gas Chromatography -
Mass Spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). Nodal segments used as explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium
(MS) supplied with different concentrations of PGRs. Multiple shoot generation was achieved after 28 days of incubation.
The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of ten compounds of micropropagated and seven compounds of wild plants
were identified. The result concluded that various concentration of PGR had a significant role in in vitro regeneration of
plant and showed that the phytoconstituents of micropropagated plant is comparatively higher than that of wild plant.
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