Increasing rice productivity in acid sulfate soil of tidal swampland face several obstacles, including iron toxicity that can reduce rice growth and yield. This paper describes how to control iron toxicity for increasing rice productivity in acid sulfate soils of tidal swamplands based on the research results. Iron toxicity control could be done through water management, amelioration and fertilizer application and using high yielding varieties (HYV’s) tolerant. Water management intermittently one week combined with delay planting 14 to 21 days increased rice growth and yield higher than that of being flooded continuously and flushing system. Amelioration using 5 t ha−1 of straw and Eleocharis dulcis compost increased rice growth and yield 16.4% compared with dolomite 2 t ha−1. Fertilizer 90 kg ha−1 N, 60 to 90 kg ha−1 P2O5 and 100 to 125 kg ha−1 K2O combined with seed treatment using CaO 75% of seed weight increased yield. Using HYV’s such as Margasari, Mendawak, Inpara 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9 also increased rice yield up to 31% compared with Margasari. By combining water management, amelioration and fertilizer application, using tolerant varities rice coud increase so that rice production can be significantly increased at acid sulfate soils of tidal swamplands.
This research aimed to assess the performance of a technology package in relation to rice yield in a B-type tidal rice field in Central Kalimantan province (Indonesia). We selected four areas with different hydrological conditions, soil characteristics, and farmer management systems in Pulangpisau and Kapuas Regency. The introduced technology package covered water management, soil tillage, amelioration and fertilization, adaptive high-yielding varieties, and crop protection. The results showed that, on average, the rice yield of Terusan Karya was 5.52 t ha−1, followed by Belanti B (3.75 t ha−1), Belanti A (3.61 t ha−1), and Talio Hulu (3.27 t ha−1). Rice varieties that yielded more than 5 t ha−1 were Inpara 8 (6.28 t ha−1), Suppadi 89 (5.54 t ha−1), Inpara 3 (5.46 t ha−1), and Inpara 2 (5.36 t ha−1). The implementation of a site-specific technology package combined with intensive guidance for the farmer on its implementation is the key factor in increasing rice productivity in tidal rice farming.
Egypt is an arid country whose agricultural production depends entirely on irrigation, and it suffers from a severe shortage of fresh water resources. Reuse of agricultural wastewater is therefore inevitable, especially in the central and northern regions of the Egyptian Nile Delta. Recently, the addition of biochar is considered one of a climate-smart farming practice in sustainable agriculture. Therefore, a columns experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Soils Dept., Fac., Agric., Mansoura Unvi. to assess the role of treated rice straw on alleviating the adverse effects of irrigation by agricultural drainage water (low-quality water) on soil physical and hydraulic properties (water movement). The treatments of the experiment include two types of soil texture: (S 1 ) Clay loamy soil and (S 2 ) Loamy soil, two types of irrigation water: (I 1 ) Tap water and (I 2 ) Agricultural drainage water (severe salty and sodic) and two types of treated rice straw: (C 1 ) Rice straw compost (RSC) and (C 2 ) Rice straw compost biochar (RSCB), beside (C 0 ) Control. Results showed that applying both RSC and RSCB increased soil's resistance against negative effect of low-quality water, not only that, but it improves the soil physical and hydraulic properties. The addition of treated rice straw in particular RSCB caused an increase of the soil hydraulic properties i.e. saturated hydraulic conductivity ( Ks), unsaturated hydraulic conductivity K (θV) , specific fluid flux (q) and intrinsic permeability (k) as a resultofthepositivechangeinsoilbulkdensity(ρb),meanporediameter(d) and porosity (E). Based on these results, the two types of treated rice straw, especially RSCB could improve soil resistance against degradation caused by lowquality water irrigation through improving aggregation process, soil structure and water movement across soil matrix.
Rice is the main food crop for Indonesians; hence, increasing population leads to expanding demand for this commodity. This research was carried out over potential acid sulfate soils of tidal swamplands in Matang Danau village, Sambas regency, West Kalimantan during 2018 Dry Season. The aim of the research was to evaluate grain yields and the variability of ten rice varieties. The study employed completely randomized block design with three replications. Ten rice varieties, namely Inpara 1, Inpara 2, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 6, Inpara 8, Inpara 9, Margasari, Inpari 32 and Cillosari (as control) were investigated. The results showed that all varieties performed good phenotypic acceptabilily (score 3), without symptoms of Fe toxicity. Yielded grain ranged from 2.44 to 5.39 tons/ha in dry milled grain. The highest yield was shown by Inpari 32 (5.33 t/ha) and Inpara 1 (5.39 t/ha), suggesting that these varieties suit acid sulfate soils as an alternative to existing Cilosari cultivar.
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