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650) 604-6364 steven.r.hillenius@nasa.gov (650) 604-2888 Bob Kanefsky Jimin Zheng San Jose State Research Foundation M/S 262-4 Moffett Field, CA 94035 bob.kanefsky@nasa.gov (650) 604-3514 jimin.zheng@nasa.gov (650) 604-5831 Ivonne Deliz ASRC Federal M/S 262-4 Moffett Field, CA 94035 ivy.deliz@nasa.gov (650) 604-5616Abstract-Over the last three years, we have been investigating the operational concept of crew self-scheduling as a method of increasing crew autonomy for future exploration missions. Through Playbook, a planning and scheduling software tool, we have incrementally enabled the capability for Earth analog mission crews to modify their schedules at various levels of complexity. Playbook allows the crew to create new activities from scratch, add activities or groups of activities from a Task List, and reschedule or reassign flexible activities. The crew is also able to identify if plan modifications create violations, i.e., plan constraints not being met. This paper summarizes our observations with qualitative evidence from four NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations (NEEMO) analog missions that supported self-scheduling as a feasible operational concept.

Human exploration beyond low-Earth orbit (LEO) will require a unique collection of advanced, innovative technologies and the precise execution of complex and challenging operational concepts. One tool we in the Analog Missions Project at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) utilize to validate exploration system architecture concepts and conduct technology demonstrations, while gaining a deeper understanding of system-wide technical and operational challenges, is our analog missions. Analog missions are multi-disciplinary activities that test multiple features of future spaceflight missions in an integrated fashion to gain a deeper understanding of system-level interactions and integrated operations. These missions frequently occur in remote and extreme environments that are representative in one or more ways to that of future spaceflight destinations. They allow us to test robotics, vehicle prototypes, habitats, communications systems, in-situ resource utilization, and human performance as it relates to these technologies. And they allow us to validate architectural concepts, conduct technology demonstrations, and gain a deeper understanding of system-wide technical and operational challenges needed to support crewed missions beyond LEO. As NASA develops a capability driven architecture for transporting crew to a variety of space environments, including the moon, near-Earth asteroids (

Bill ToddlUnited Space AllianceMarc Reagan/NASA NEEMO Project Leads

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