We performed immunohistochemical analysis of neuroendocrine breast cancer. The significance of this approach to differential diagnosis of this cancer form by detection of specific markers is demonstrated. The incidence of diagnosis of neuroendocrine breast cancer has increased 8-fold over 5 years. Neuroendocrine breast cancer is responsible for 3.4% of all breast cancer cases. The disease is significantly more incident in patients over 60. Neuroendocrine breast cancer is characterized by high expression of neuron-specific enolase (100%) and chromagranin A (57%). The data indicate that irrespective of the location, macroscopic picture, and immunohistochemical profile of cytokeratins and steroid hormones, breast cancer is characterized by clear-cut expression of neuroendocrine markers in different combinations. Immunohistochemical detection of these markers makes it possible to detect the hormone-secreting elements and evaluate their role in the tumor pool, which is essential for the differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine breast cancer, including studies of puncture biopsy specimens.
Histological study of breast cancer specimens obtained from 294 female residents in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) of different age and ethnic groups and immunohistochemical analysis of protein expression of mutant suppressor gene p53 in tumor cells were performed. A positive correlation was found between expression of mutant gene p53 protein and the degree of malignancy of breast tumors. The indicator should be considered when assessing malignancy potential and risk of breast cancer, because it is important for optimization and individualization of the treatment.
The research objective was to study the association of the AGT rs699 missense SNP with arterial hypertension (AH) and metabolic risk factors among indigenous people of the Arctic territory of Yakutia. The obtained data show that representatives of indigenous people of the Arctic territory of Yakutia with the homozygous GG genotype for the AGT SNP rs699 are characterized by high levels of systolic blood pressure. The carriage of the GG genotype in AH patients is associated with a high frequency of hypo-HDL cholesterolemia. The carriage of GG genotype in AH patients, compared to subjects without AH, is characterized by higher blood levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides and is associated with a high frequency of abdominal obesity. Thus, the AGT rs699 missense SNP was found to be associated with metabolic risk factors in indigenous AH persons of the Arctic territory of Yakutia.
The results of histological studies of operation material from 294 women with breast cancer and immunohistochemical detection of estrogen and progesterone receptors and evaluation of proliferative activity (Ki-67) and expression of proteins p53 and bcl-2 were analyzed. Breast cancer was more incident (60%) in nonindigenous residents of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) than in representatives of the indigenous population (40% cases). The disease was more incident in women aged 50-59 years (32.6%) and 60-69 years (21.8%) irrespective of the ethnic appurtenance. The findings indicated the most informative criteria of mammary tumor malignancy: low expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, high expression of Ki-67 and p53, and low expression of bcl-2.
The research objective was to study the association of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism with essential hypertension (EH) and metabolic risk factors among indigenous people of the northern territory of Yakutia. The obtained data show that representatives of indigenous people of the North of Yakutia with the ACE ID genotype are characterized with high levels of systolic blood pressure. The carriage of DD genotype in EH patients was associated with a high frequency of hypercholesterolemia and hyper-LDL cholesterolemia. The carriage of ID genotype in EH patients, compared to subjects without EH, was characterized by higher blood levels of TC, LDL-C, TG, and FPG and associated with a high frequency of obesity. Thus, the ACE I/D polymorphism was found to be associated with metabolic risk factors in indigenous EH patients of the North of Yakutia.
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