Abstract:The present paper deals with the phytochemical studies on Bauhinia racemosa Lam., Bauhinia purpurea Linn. and Hardwickia binata Roxb. The phytochemical study of three plants involve preliminary phytochemical studies, physico-chemical studies, quantitative estimation of primary and secondary metabolites, TLC study and HPLC fingerprint study of ethanolic extract of leaves of three plants. In HPLC fingerprint study, the three peaks at a retention time of 15min, 17min and 19min were identical in B. racemosa and B. purpurea which was confirmed by overlaid spectra. The generated data may be useful in suggesting chemotaxonomical interrelation between three plants.
Piper longumLinn. andPiper nigrumLinn. are used as spices and medicines. Quantitative determination of piperine was undertaken to provide an easy and simple analytical method, which can be used as a routine quality control method. RP-HPLC was performed using methanol and water as mobile phase. The detection and quantification was performed at a wavelength of 345 nm. Linearity of detector response for piperine was between the concentrations 0.005% to 0.1%. The correlation coefficient obtained for the linearity was 0.998. The assay value of piperine for fruit and root ofP. longumwas found to be 0.879% and 0.31%. The assay value of piperine for fruit ofP. nigrumwas 4.5%. The recovery value of standard piperine was 99.4%. Low value of standard deviation and coefficient of variation are indicative of high precision of the method.
The standardization of ghritas such as amritaprasa ghrita, brahmi ghrita, chagalyadi ghrita and phala ghrita has been studied. These ghritas are the important Ayurvedic formulations used for peri-natal care of mother and child health. Standardization of ghritas were achieved by organoleptic study, physico-chemical analysis, qualitative analysis, thin layer chromatography (TLC), UV - visible spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fingerprint studies. Qualitative analysis of alcoholic extracts of all the four ghritas shows the presence of glycosides and hexane extracts shows the presence of glycosides and steroids. TLC study of ghritas was carried out in toulene-ethyl acetate solvent system. Hexane extracts of ghritas were used for UV- visible spectrophotometry and qualitative HPLC fingerprint study.
The present paper deals with the physicochemical and phytochemical examination of seventy-six medicinal plants belonging to thirty-six dicot and six monocot families. These are used in indigenous system of medicine as well as local inhabitants either as single drugs or in combination, for the cure of various ailments. In physicochemical study, the parameters such as moisture content,pH (1% aqueous), total ash, acid insoluble ash, water-soluble extractive and alcohol soluble extractive were carried out. The preliminary phytochemical study was done for the detection of secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, flavonoid, glycoside, phenol, saponin, resin, steroid and tannin. The preliminary phytochemical study revealed the presence of alkaloid and saponin in 68.4%; flavonoid in 44.7%; glycoside, phenol and steroid in 72.37%; resin in 60.5% and tannin in 71% of selected medicinal plants.
The medicinal plants are widely used by the traditional medical practitioners for curing various diseases in their day to day practice. Phoenix dactylifera Linn. (Pind Kharjura) is the most useful traditional medicinal plant in India. Its fruit is known as Date which is the edible part of the plant. It is now considered as a valuable source of unique natural products for development of medicines and used against various diseases. Its fruit contains high amount of tannins and are used in the different disease condition like raktapitta (heamorrhage), swasa (dyspnoea), kasa (cough), daha (burning sensation), murchha (syncope), abhighata (injury) and kshaya (tuberculosis). The fruits are rich source of carbohydrates, vitamins, and proteins. Its fruit is sweet (madhura), astringent (kasaya) in taste. Now-a-days its fruit is being used in the different Ayurvedic formulation for the treatment of various diseases. It has different pharmacological action like antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-asthamatic, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective and aphrodisiac activities. Phytochemical investigation shows that the fruit contains anthocyanins, phenolics, sterols, carotenoids, and flavonoids. Present review highlights phytopharmacological and different traditional uses of Phoenix dactylifera Linn. which is mention in ancient Ayurvedic texts. This review stimulates the researchers and scientists for further work on Phoenix dactylifera
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