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Testing electronic equipment for radiated emissions requires the accurate calibration of antennas. This in turn entails the use of a high-quality measurement site. The design of an open-field site for the calibration of antennas in the frequency range 30-1000 MHz is described. An antenna that is used as a primary standard must have a calculable antenna factor since there are uncertainties in quantifying the quality of the site and hence of setting up a known field. The design of a standard dipole antenna and the S-parameter characterization of its balun/matching network is described, followed by methods for calibrating the antenna factor of antennas.

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This paper provides a selected review of topics relating to evaluating and expressing uncertainty for some measurands that occur in high-frequency electromagnetic metrology. Specific emphasis is given to complex-valued quantities (i.e. vector measurands having both an associated magnitude and phase component), such as scattering parameters (i.e. S-parameters) used at radio, microwave, millimetre-wave and terahertz frequencies.

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