The crop losses due to birds are serious and costly problem for farmers. The hooded crow (Corvus corone Linnaeus, 1758) and house sparrow (Passer domesticus niloticus Nicoll and Bonhote, 1909) are major pests for many crops in Egypt. In current work bird damage was assessed on maize, snake cucumber at El-Ibrahemia district, while that on pea and guava was determined at Zagazig district, Sharkia Goverenorate during the growing season 2016. Regarding maize, the hooded crow feed on developing ears in corn fields following pollination and early in the grain filling period. The total number of inspected plants was 2800 and the highest losses (9.81%) were recorded in the 7 th week. While, the hooded crow attacks snake cucumber fruits causing damage with mean percentage 6.33%. But the pea is preferable vegetable crop to birds, which destroy the leaves, flower buds as well green seeds in pods and this damage may be reduced the yield. The average percentage of damage for pea was 4.41%. The highest percentage of damage was 7.50% which obtained during the 5 th week. Guava fruits were vulnerable to house sparrow, birds gnaw fruits. The losses by birds were estimated to be 4.79 and 4.64% in orchards nearby poultry farms and those nearby field crops, respectively.

The efficacy of Tukam® and VP Skud® compounds were tested as repellents against wild birds attacking wheat and cowpea fields in Sharkia Governorate. In the wheat crop experiment, the house sparrow Passer domesticus niloticus attacked the spikes with the highest percentage of damage (14.82%) in the control trial, during the 6 th week when spikes emergence. While damage percentages were 11.19, 9.22, 8.94 and 8.73% when applying Tukam® concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10 and 15 ml/liter, respectively during the same period in the treatment trials. The highest protection percentage was obtained in the 4 th week with 15, 10, 5 and 2.5 ml/liter, respectively. The same trend was found with VP Skud®, since the highest percentages of damage were 10.07%, 9.16%, 8.08% and 6.20% in the 6 th week with the four concentrations 1, 2, 4 and 6 ml/liter, respectively. While the protection percentage were the highest during the 4 th week with concentrations of 6, 4, 2 and 1 ml/liter, respectively. In the cowpea experiment, pigeon (Cloumba sp.) attacked the pods and caused high percentage of damage reached 13.32 % in the 5 th week of the control trial. When spraying Tukam® at a concentration of 15.0 ml/liter, the damage was dropped considerably as compared with other concentrations or control after pollination. The decrease in damage was found to be 2.11, 3.88, 4.74 and 7.38%, after the 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th and 5 th week, respectively. The highest protection percentage was recorded with the concentration of 15 ml/liter. The same trend was recorded with VP Skud®. It gave the lowest percentage of damage at the concentration of 6 ml/liter with values of 1.97, 3.21, 5.67 and 10.56%, during the 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th and 5 th week after pollination, respectively. Protection percentage reached its maximum during the study period with the concentration of 6 ml/liter.

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Background: The Egyption fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus, is considered a harmful pest that attacks agricultural crops, especially ripe fruits, causing economic losses. It is widespread in African sahara desert, Egypt, Pakistan and Northern India. This pest causes damage to many vegetables and fruits. The measuring of damage percentage will aid in the protection of these crops from bats attacking. Methods: The losses caused by Egyptian bats were estimated during two years (2019 and 2020) in many fruit orchards (date palm, citrus, apricot and mango) in reclaimed lands at Butt village, Dakhla Oasis, New-valley Governorate, to achieve integrated management of bat populations. Result: Only one species the Egyptian fruit bat, R. aegyptiacus, has been recorded with 167 individuals attacking fruit orchards. The highest average losses (11.1%) were found in date palms, from August to Oct., while the lowest (4.7%) were found in Apricot, during June and July. The second-highest losses were 7.6% in mango from June to August. The damage began from December to March in citrus with an average loss percent of 7.0%. Therefore, bat dens must be monitored and dealt with to limit their populations and reduce their losses to these value crops in El-Dakhla Oasis.