The aim is to study morphofunctional structure of NALT (nasal associated lymphoid tissue) and visceral lymph nodes of rats with experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1) and to define the effectiveness of the treatment with herbal drug “Imupret”. Materials and methods: The experiment involved 20 animals, divided into 4 groups: the 1st group was the control group of healthy rats, the 2nd group was the control group subject to prophylactic treatment with “Imupret, the 3rd group included rats with experimental diabetes, and the 4th group included rats with experimental diabetes subject to treatment with “Imupret. Functional changes in immune organs were evaluated by the results of morphometric analysis; morphological pattern was evaluated by histostructural changes. Results. The research revealed that under conditions of diabetes mellitus type 1, the volume, area and density of the lymphoid tissue decreased, and only its "fine" cell was detected. The paper demonstrates the development of relative immune deficiency in immunocompetent organs in rats with diabetes mellitus type 1. The use of drug "Imupret" demonstrated its immunomodulatory function, which is especially important in terms of immunosuppression in patient with DM-1. Conclusion. The received results are of a great clinical significance, and show the necessity of early prevention and treatment of immunity disorders under conditions of diabetes mellitus type 1.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) and the conditions associated with it are pressing problems for humanity. The gastroenterological component of MS is considered to be non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There are no scientific studies on the influence of hypoandrogenism (HA) on metabolic control and the formation of NAFLD in adolescent boys. Purpose - to determine the prognostic value of changes in the lipid profile for the formation of NAFLD in adolescent boys with HA. Materials and methods. In 2019-2021 was carried out a comprehensive examination of 107 adolescent boys aged 13-18 with HA: the clinical examination, blood tests to determine the level of γ-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, lipidogram, testosterone, immunoreactive insulin. The morpho-functional state of the hepatobiliary system was studied by ultrasound, according to the results of which adolescent boys with HA were divided into observation groups (the Group 1 - with normal liver parameters, the Group 2 - with signs of steatosis). Prognostic assessment of the formation of liver steatosis in HA was carried out using ROC analysis with AUC calculation. Results. According to the ultrasound signs of NAFLD was detected in a third of adolescent boys with HA. The state of insulin resistance was established in 22% of adolescent boys, significantly more often in patients with NAFLD. Analysis of blood lipid spectrum indicators in young men with HA showed the presence of proatherogenic changes more pronounced in the group with NAFLD. ROC analysis for quantitative biochemical indicators demonstrated that while using the distribution point for β-lipoproteins >5.8 g/l for the detection of liver enlargement as a sign of NAFLD in adolescent boys with HA the sensitivity was 72.0%, the specificity - 55.3%. The value of the area under the ROC curve was 0.624 [0.514; 0.725] with the level of statistical significance p=0.045. Conclusions. A third part of adolescent boys with HA according to ultrasound examination had signs of NAFLD at the stage of steatosis. Atherogenic dyslipidemia was found in all adolescents with HA, which was more pronounced in patients with NAFLD. The predictive value of determining the level of β-lipoproteins for the detection of NAFLD in adolescent boys with HA was revealed. The determination of β-lipoproteins may be economically feasible in relation to the diagnostic examination of adolescent boys with HA. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
На сьогодні ожиріння визнано неінфекційною епідемією ХХI сторіччя як серед дорослого населення, так і серед дітей. За даними ВООЗ, у 2016 році 340 мільйонів дітей та підлітків віком від 5 до 19 років страждали від надлишкової ваги або ожиріння. Медико-соціальне значення цієї проблеми визначається не лише зростанням захворюваності, але й тяжкістю ускладнень, що маніфестують вже в дитячому віці та в подальшому ведуть до втрати працездатності дорослого населення й передчасної смерті [1]. Тісно пов'язана з ожирінням патологія травної системи, при цьому найбільше страждають органи Êë³í³÷íà ãàñòðîåíòåðîëîã³ÿ / Clinical Gastroenterology
In this paper present the results of research of influence of the preparation «Kvatronan-Se» and carboxylates of Se, Cu, Mn, Cr, Ge in different combinations on haematological parameters of blood of experimental animals. Study was carried out on the basis of PC Haleks-Agro. It is located in the village Gul'sk of Novograd Volynskiy district of Zhytomyr region. In the farm to bred of Simmental cows. For the experiment was formed four groups. We took into account age, live weight of 650–700 kg and the average milk yield 5000–6000 kg. Animals is located in identical conditions of feeding and maintenance. Research experiment was carried out on animals couples counterparts. Preparations introduced animals three times at 10–12 days after insemination. The cows first experimental group were injected complex nanokarboksylativ Ge, Cu, Mn and Cr, second – drug Kvatronan–Se and animals third experimental group was administered a complex composed of Se, Cu, Mn, Cr. On 13 day after insemination in experimental animals were taken blood from tail vein and examined the contents of hematological parameters. Established that injection nanokarboksylativ enhance the fertility of cows in the first and third group, the figure rose to 20% in the second by 40% compared with the control. Research hematological parameters blood animals shows that after entering content drugs of blood cells had minor changes but remained within the physiological norm. The results show that in concentration monocyte the second group was at 5.53% (P > 0.01) higher compared to the control group and 2.3% compared to the first and third. The content of lymphocytes in this group decreased by 26.3% (P > 0.05), 22% and 16% relative to the control, the first and third groups. Also, it should be noted that the hemoglobin in the experimental groups decreased in group I by 7.9% in the II – 3.9% and III by 7.3% compared with the control group. Also, these groups distinguished downward trend eosinophils 1.8%, 1.5%, 2.05%. Then, as the number of segment-nuclear neutrophils contrast, in the first group increased by 18.2% in the second and third at 16.9% comparatively control. The number of monocytes in the second group doslfidniy the suspicion was higher by 66.3% and 0.3% higher than the physiological norm – it may indicate a high immune response.
The aim: To study the relationship between zonulin level and PNFI (pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis index) in obese adolescents. Material and methods: A total of fifty-nine obese subjects aged 12-17 years and thirteen healthy subjects were included in the study. Clinical, biochemical parameters, including serum zonulin, were examined and abdominal ultrasound examination was performed. For the assessment of liver fibrosis PNFI was calculated. Results: According to ultrasound examination 71,2% of obese adolescents had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Calculation of PNFI showed that 25,4% of obese subjects had fibrotic processes in the liver. Obese adolescents had significantly higher zonulin levels compared to normal weight peers – 91,8±3,1 vs 15,9±5,1 respectively (р<0,01). A significant positive correlation was established between zonulin levels and such parameters as body mass index, waist circumference / height ratio, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, PNFI (p<0,05). Conclusions: The level of zonulin increases with an increase of the index for evaluating liver fibrosis (PNFI) in obese adolescents. This may indicate the effect of the state of the intestinal barrier on the development and progression of obesity-related liver pathology, namely NAFLD, in obese adolescents.
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