На сьогодні ожиріння визнано неінфекційною епідемією ХХI сторіччя як серед дорослого населення, так і серед дітей. За даними ВООЗ, у 2016 році 340 мільйонів дітей та підлітків віком від 5 до 19 років страждали від надлишкової ваги або ожиріння. Медико-соціальне значення цієї проблеми визначається не лише зростанням захворюваності, але й тяжкістю ускладнень, що маніфестують вже в дитячому віці та в подальшому ведуть до втрати працездатності дорослого населення й передчасної смерті [1]. Тісно пов'язана з ожирінням патологія травної системи, при цьому найбільше страждають органи Êë³í³÷íà ãàñòðîåíòåðîëîã³ÿ / Clinical Gastroenterology
Abstract. Background. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of hepatoprotectors in comprehensive treatment of adolescents with obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dysfunctional disorders of the biliary tract (DDBT
Background. The purpose was to determine the structure and age characteristics of clinical and endoscopic features of gastroduodenal pathology in adolescence. Materials and methods. The study included 493 adolescents between 10 and 14 years of age and 444 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental studies were conducted (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, intragastric pH-metry, Helicobacter pylori DNA). Results. The study showed that in adolescence, the inflammatory lesions of the upper digestive tract predominate in both age groups. Destructive lesions occur in 8-10 % of patients in the 10-14 age group, and their incidence increases 2 times in boys and 1.5 times-in girls in the 15-18 age group. Motility disorders of the upper digestive tract are determined in 30 % of patients regardless of age, more often in girls. Lesions of the upper digestive tract are usually accompanied by basal gastric hyperacidity in boys, while in girls the basal normacidity is more often determined. Helicobacter pylori infection is detected in 2/3 of adolescents with disorders of the upper digestive tract, slightly more often in the 10-14 age group. Conclusions. The results obtained in the course of the study can focus the directions of etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy for the upper digestive tract diseases depending on the age and gender of the patients.
Recently, interest in the problem of free radical oxidation in biological membranes, which is directly related to both the normal functioning of cells and the occurrence, course and outcome of many pathological conditions, has increased again in clinical medicine. The aim was to determine the role and impact of antioxidant defense in boys with hypoandrogenism. The study involved 75 adolescents with hypoandrogenism aged 13–18 years, who underwent a complex of clinical and laboratory examinations. All patients were conducted complex of anthropometric research and determination of the degree of delayed puberty, laboratory and instrumental examination. Free radical oxidation was determined by the levels of malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, carbonated proteins, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the serum, and restored glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in whole blood. Based on their determination, the coefficient of oxidative stress was calculated. Statistical processing of results was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods. The study of indicators of the free radical oxidation process found that adolescents with hypoandrogenism have multidirectional changes in the oxidation of proteins and lipids, namely: the level of conjugated dienes increases, the concentration of malondialdehyde remains at the level of the control group, and the level of carbonated proteins tends to decrease. As for the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes, a significant decrease in the level of glutathione peroxidase was detected, while the level of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained at the level of normative indicators. Oxidative stress accompanies and is one of the pathogenetic links in the formation or maintenance of the state of hypoandrogenism in boys. This requires the use of antioxidants, the complex of which must be selected individually.
В статье представлены результаты иммунологического и цитокинового статуса у подростков с дуоденальной язвой. Дуоденальная язва сопровождается увеличением уровня ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-4, ИЛ-6 и снижением уровня ФНO-α, Т-клеток. В воспалительном инфильтрате слизистой оболочки желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки при дуоденальной язве определяется высокая плотность клеток-продуцентов ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-4, ИЛ-6, клетки-продуценты ФНO-α идентифицированы в небольшом количестве, что коррелирует с их содержанием в сыворотке крови.
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