Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the theoretical bases and modern applied aspects of the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the practical activity of enterprises of agro-industrial business. Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the basic principles of economic theory and scientific development of scientists. The following methods are used in the course of the study: retrospective (analysis of economic efficiency, profitability of agricultural production in the regions of the country); monograph (coverage of statistical reporting indicators on the use of ICT in manufacturing in Ukraine); abstract and logical (theoretical generalizations and formation of conclusions, literary sources) and others. Findings. There is a clear tendency for the widespread use of ICT in the industries of the national economies of the advanced countries of the world, which contributes to the innovative development of production and a significant increase in profitability (up to 95%) in the enterprises of the processing industry and agro-industrial business. It is revealed that the use of ICT in Ukrainian enterprises is still at a low level and the main reason for this is the poor financial status of enterprises and insufficient state support. The use of ICT has been found to significantly accelerate soil analysis, determine the need and exact dosage of fertilizers, use of biological to control weeds and pests and other crop operations, which can double the crop yield. It is proved that the introduction of ICT in agro-industrial enterprises will accelerate the innovative development of the agro-industrial economy, increase the competitiveness of industries and enterprises in the market environment. Originality. A model of ICT management of making decision is proposed, which involves the availability of hardware (computers, smartphones, or iPhones and their software); Internet connection and availability of broadband access and Internet technology (social networks, website creation), through which you can actively promote your product, business, negotiate with suppliers and buyers, conduct sales and purchase operations. With the help of space technology and artificial intelligence, you can fully automate all production processes in plant and animal husbandry, eliminate the risks associated with human factors in all production processes, carry out effective planning, accounting, analysis and control of resource consumption at the enterprise, as well as take balanced management decisions. Practical value. The proposed scientific, methodological and practical developments make it possible to formulate a strategy for the effective development of ICT, which will facilitate the innovative development of agro-industrial business in a competitive environment. Key words: information and communication technologies; digitalization of agro-industrial enterprises; innovations; development strategy; efficiency; profitability; competition; agro-industrial business.
Under conditions of limited organic resources, polluted external environment, excessive emission of carbon in the atmosphere and as a result of global warming the use of renewed energy sources may become one of ways of solving problems of energy saving, energy efficiency, environment protection, energy independence from import raw materials. The active use of renewed energy sources will favor the increase of economic efficiency and competitiveness of components of the national AIC. The article indicates that during the last 20 years the world underwent worsening of natural-climatic and living conditions, climate change, strengthening of negative natural phenomena and so on. The aforesaid problems of the world scale were discussed at the international climatic conferences (Brazil-1992; Japan-1997; SAR-2002; Paris-2015; Germany-2017), while considering the complex of questions as to improving the natural-climatic and living environment in the world, saving use of natural resources, acceleration of using renewable energy sources (RES), especially solar one. It was elucidated, that during the last years the power of solar energy stations (SPS) grew essentially. For the end of 2015 the leaders if setting SPS were the following countries: China, Germany, Japan, USA. In Ukraine the plan of development of the Combined energetic system for 2016-2025 years of SE «NEC «Ukrenergo»» provided the association of SPS power with electric nets of energy system with volume 1641.2 MW. There was realized the grouping of Ukrainian regions by the level of the technically achievable potential of solar energy. There was realized the assessment of the economic efficiency of products at using solar energy in the agroindustrial business in different regional conditions of Ukraine.
Мета. Метою дослідження є розкриття факторів підвищення врожайності й ефективності розвитку ріпаківництва; узагальнення зарубіжного та вітчизняного досвіду виробництва й переробки ріпака на біодизель; обґрунтування параметрів економічної ефективності виробництва й переробки ріпака на біодизель заводами різної потужності в підприємствах України. Методологія / методика / підхід. У дослідженні використано такі наукові методи: історико-логічний - для аналізу динаміки розвитку ріпаківництва в Україні; системного підходу – для вивчення зв’язків між явищами та процесами економічної діяльності підприємств; монографічний – для узагальнення передового вітчизняного та зарубіжного досвіду досліджуваної тематики; рядів динаміки – під час вивчення тенденцій і закономірностей розвитку ріпаківництва; групування – для дослідження впливу основних факторів на розвиток ріпаківництва; розрахунково-конструктивний – для прогнозування розвитку ріпаківництва; економічно-математичний – під час обґрунтування параметрів ефективності виробництва біодизеля з ріпака; абстрактно-логічний – для формування теоретично-виробничих процесів, висновків і пропозицій щодо виробництва й переробки ріпака на біодизель. Результати. Проаналізовано виробництво ріпака в Україні за 1990–2021 рр. Визначено вплив урожайності на ефективність виробництва цієї культури. Зростанню врожайності й ефективності виробництва ріпака сприяють: запровадження інноваційних технологій вирощування; вибір гібрида насіння; проведення рекомендованих заходів щодо боротьби з хворобами, шкідниками і бур’янами. З’ясовано, що за аналізований період 92 % врожаю ріпака продано за межі України. Проведено оптимізацію параметрів ефективності виробництва ріпака та біодизеля. Запропоновано організаційно-економічні напрями підвищення ефективності виробництва й переробки ріпака на біодизель в Україні. Оригінальність / наукова новизна. Обґрунтовано організаційно-економічні параметри ефективного виробництва та переробки ріпака на біодизель в умовах України. Уперше розроблено сценарний прогноз розвитку ріпаківництва на 2030–2035 рр. і рекомендації щодо виконання прогнозних завдань у підприємствах України. Практична цінність / значущість. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані в практичній діяльності підприємств галузей АПК України. Реалізація рекомендацій з переробки ріпака дасть змогу: поліпшити забезпечення потреби підприємств у біодизелі в умовах енергетичної кризи; збільшити кількість робочих місць на селі та доходи підприємств; розширити обсяг надходження цінних за поживністю концентрованих кормів для тваринництва і на цій основі збільшити зернові ресурси на продовольчі цілі.
The article presents the results of the retrospective analysis of corn grain production in the regions of Ukraine for 2010-2016, the economic efficiency of corn grain production in the enterprises of the Ternopil region. On the basis of the research, the main factors of increasing the level of economic efficiency and competitiveness of corn grain are proposed, with accent on innovative methods of grain production management using the methods of digital economy.
Purpose. The aim of the article is to disclosure methodological and methodical bases of efficiency research of innovative development of agricultural business enterprises in the conditions of competition. Methodology of research. For economic processes study in agro-industrial business, we have systematized various methods and principles, in particular: philosophical (fundamental) and its principles; general scientific (traditional and modern); specific scientific (general economic and specific) (Fig. 1). For study the effectiveness of innovative development of agro-industrial components, a methodological procedure of analysis has been formed, in particular: vertically - assessment of the level of efficiency of agribusiness components; horizontally - types and indicators of efficiency of components of agribusiness are given (Fig. 2). For study of the efficiency level of innovative development of agribusiness enterprises in conditions of competition at the macro, meso and micro levels, we have proposed a comprehensive methodology and evaluation indicators (Fig. 3). Findings. The methodological and methodical principles of efficiency research of innovative development of agro-industrial enterprises in the conditions of competition at macro-, meso- and micro-levels of agribusiness components at Ukraine are generalized and offered. Originality. The substantiation of methodological and methodical bases of research was further developed, the complex technique and indicators of efficiency estimation of innovative development of agro-industrial business enterprises at macro-, meso- and micro-levels of Ukraine are offered. Practical value. Systematized and substantiated research results can be used in the process of analyzing the effectiveness of innovative development of agro-industrial enterprises in conditions of competition at the macro, meso and micro levels of Ukraine. Key words: methodology and research methods, efficiency of innovative development, agro-industrial enterprises, competition, efficiency indicators, types of efficiency, complex estimation of efficiency of innovative development.
The article considers the objective necessity of state regulation and support of innovative agroindustrial business in the conditions of a market environment, integration, globalization of economic processes and intensification of competition in the domestic and foreign markets. A retrospective analysis of the support of business entities in the regions of Ukraine has been carried out. A significant variability of the level of its support in the dynamics and regions has been revealed. It showed the absence of a proper system of regulation and business support. We have explored the leading global experience of effective support; an overall assessment of total agricultural support (TSE); Producer Support (PSE) and Consumers (GSSE) according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) methodology. The advantages, prospects and drawbacks of the current key agricultural support models in the context of the use of agricultural practices in Ukraine are considered in this research.
The article discusses the option of modelling a business process using a logistics concept to optimise costs. The issues of influence on the formation of the model, the concept of optimising transport costs, and the costs of inventory management, in terms of production and economic efficiency, are considered. The mathematical and economic model of a typical business process is shown as a formed economic paradigm that materialises the process of conceptual integration of technological and logistic approaches in the process of implementing critical business processes of the company's current activities.The article also touches upon the issues of calculating logistics costs, both in the context of their points of origin, that is, by functional areas, and general accounting in the context of each business process. The options for calculating this category of costs are considered, in the general flow of both material and financial resources of a separate business process. From the standpoint of a logistic approach to managing the total operating costs of key business processes, options for a comprehensive study of the impact of logistics costs on the general operating activities of the company are analysed.The methodology for constructing a mathematical-economic model of a typical business process is described, taking into account the factors of influence of logistics concepts. Practical use of this methodology in real economic conditions is considered, and recommendations are given for adapting the methodology to specific parameters of the subject of the economic system. The proposed model outlines the fundamental approaches to the mathematically verified analysis of vital economic parameters that characterise the fluid nature of the economic components of the modern free market. The stated methodology, while not claiming to be complete coverage of the issues presented, nevertheless assumes the possibility of practical implementation of simulation modelling, economically crucial for current operational activities, fundamental business processes.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is an in-depth study of the theoretical aspects of the business processes concept, its classification and the need for further development in the competitive environment of Ukraine. Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods were used in the research process, in particular: induction and deduction – at the stage of collecting, systematizing and processing the necessary information; analysis and synthesis – to combine various components of the business process; dialectical – to learn the nature, content and essence of the enterprise's business processes; monographic – to study the scientific experience of constituent business processes of enterprises; abstract and logical – to form theoretical conclusions, tables and figures. Findings. The theoretical aspects of the business processes concept, its classification and further development in the conditions of a competitive environment are summarized. It was found that in the conditions of Ukraine, it is necessary to clearly organize business processes, to manage them in the direction of innovative improvement of the structural restructuring of the domestic economy by introducing technological changes in the renewal of management, preparing enterprises for activities in the conditions of the European Union and international competition. There were deepened the concept of business processes in the enterprise, its classification, organization and management of business activities aimed at achieving the main goal - increasing the amount of profit of the business entity and improving the business result to satisfaction of consumer needs. Originality. There was further development of the business process interpretation, its classification, organization and management in the competitive environment of the enterprise. Practical value. The use of the proposed classification and clear organization of business processes will contribute to increasing the economic efficiency of the enterprise's business activities. Key words: concept, organization, classification, business processes, activity, management, efficiency, enterprise.
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