Salah satu perhatian utama dari manajemen keuangan perusahaan ialah pada bagaimana manajer membuat keputusan keuangan jangka pendek yang dikenal sebagai manajemen modal kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pentingnya manajemen modal kerja bagi profitabilitas perusahaan manufaktur terbuka Indonesia pada periode waktu terkini. Hasil-hasil analisis regresi data panel menunjukkan hubungan kuadratik berbentuk U terbalik antara manajemen modal kerja (NTC) dan profitabilitas (keduanya ROE dan NPM). Tambahan lagi, kendala finansial berpengaruh pada hubungan antara manajemen modal kerja dan profitabilitas perusahaan. Hasil-hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa perusahaan mempunyai tingkat modal kerja optimal yang memaksimalkan profitabilitas.

Working capital behavior has attracted the attention of researchers in relation to company development and the financial environment. This study aims to investigate the determinants and speed of target adjustment of working capital requirements and to examine whether financial constraints lead to differences in target adjustment behavior. The sample consists of public companies in Indonesia for the 2011-2018 period. The results show that sales growth, leverage, size, operating cash flow, age, and fixed assets have a significant effect on working capital requirements. By applying the GMM system from the dynamic panel model, this study also demonstrates that companies have a target level of working capital. Moreover, this study shows that companies that do not experience financial constraints make adjustments to the target, but this does not happen to companies that experience financial constraints. The adjustment behavior of optimal working capital is highly dependent on the company's financial constraints.

From the perspective of corporate governance, price synchronicity can be understood as a lack of disclosure. This study investigates the effect of political connections, government ownership, and the opacity of financial reporting on the stock price synchronicity of public companies in Indonesia. Our analysis shows that political connections and government ownership increase stock price synchronicity. The synchronicity of stock prices is also positively affected by the opacity of financial reports. Furthermore, when the opacity of financial reports increases, the influence of political connections and government ownership on stock price synchronicity tends to increase. These results imply that political ties impede disclosure of firmspecific information, and poor quality of financial reporting exacerbates this impediment.

Stock price crash risk is explained in perspective of corporate governance which refers to the lack of information disclosure. This research investigates the effects of opaque financial reports on stock price crash risk of Indonesia-listed firms from 2005 to 2008.The results show that the degree of crash risk is high. Analyses of binary outcome models, which are controlled by company characteristics, show that crash risk is higher in firms with more opaque financial reports. These results of analysis validate the findings of Hutton et al. (2009) so consistent that insiders or managers hide bad news or negative information when submitting poor financial reports.

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