HPV infection of extravillous trophoblast induces cell death and may reduce placental invasion into the uterine wall. Thus, HPV infection may cause placental dysfunction and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous preterm delivery.

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Primary or reactivated AAV-2 infection (maternal IgM seropositivity) early in pregnancy was associated with adverse reproductive outcomes associated with placental dysfunction, including pre-eclampsia, stillbirth and spontaneous preterm delivery.

No abstract