Adverse reproductive outcomes in urban women with adeno-associated virus-2 infections in early pregnancy

Abstract

Primary or reactivated AAV-2 infection (maternal IgM seropositivity) early in pregnancy was associated with adverse reproductive outcomes associated with placental dysfunction, including pre-eclampsia, stillbirth and spontaneous preterm delivery.

Risks associated with viral infections during pregnancy

“…These changes in trophoblast function could explain why both HSV-1 and HSV-2 have been associated with spontaneous pregnancy loss (89) and IUGR pregnancies (82,84). AAV2 also induces trophoblast apoptosis and reduces cell invasion (18,90,91) and is associated with spontaneous miscarriage, stillbirth (92), and preeclampsia (82,91,93). Collectively, these results demonstrate that viral infection of the trophoblast can alter placental function and could result in suboptimal conditions for fetal growth and development.…”

IL-10 inhibits while calcitriol reestablishes placental antimicrobial peptides gene expression

“…Clinical studies have shown a strong association between intrauterine bacterial or viral infections and pregnancy complications such as abortion, preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction, and preeclampsia [1][2][3]. During intrauterine infection, the placenta represents a mechanical and immunological barrier whose innate immune competences are essential to restrict infection progress.…”

Molecular detection of adeno‐associated virus in cases of spontaneous and intentional human abortion

“…Some investigators have associated this infection with other adverse problems and reproductive outcomes such as male infertility, trophoblastic gestational disease, premature amniorrexis, preterm deliveries, and preeclampsia [Burguete et al, 1999;Erles et al, 2001;Arechavaleta-Velasco et al, 2008]. However, the association with human disease is controversial, such as the role of AAV in human abortion [Friedman-Einat et al, 1997;Matovina et al, 2004].…”