Prevalencia y factores asociados a sobrepeso y obesidad infantil en escuelas públicas y privadas de Tegucigalpa, Honduras Prevalence of pediatric overweight and obesity and associated factors in public and private schools in Tegucigalpa, Honduras ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the factors associated with overweight and obesity in children from public and private schools in the Kennedy colony, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Materials and methods. We studied 357 schoolchildren between 6 and 11 years old. A survey was used to assess nutrition, food frequency, eating habits and practices, and physical activity. Students with overweight and obesity secondary to a basic pathology were excluded. The information was analyzed using Epi-info. We conducted a univariate and multivariate analyzes. Results: We found that 18% of the students were obese and 18% were overweight. Students from private schools were more frequently overweight and obese (46.3%) than those in public schools (33.2%). Fifty-three percent of public school students and 36.3% of private schools consumed homemade snacks. Over half (58.5%) of public school students and 68.7% of private schools reported doing some kind of outdoor physical activity. Conclusion: Childhood overweight and obesity are prevalent health problems. Private school students, in our sample, were more overweight and obese than public school students. Physical activity performed by school children in public and private schools was adequate in most cases.

Introduction. Inguinal hernia is the most common condition in both male and female subjects. Amyand’s hernia is characterized by the presence of the cecal appendix, swollen or not, inside the inguinal hernia sac. It is a rare condition and represents 1% of all the inguinal hernia pathology. Littre’s hernia (LH) is a condition defined by the presence of a Meckel diverticulum (MD) inside a hernial sac. It is an extremely rare condition, with less than 50 cases reported in the last three hundred years, present in only 1% of all diagnosed MD. Case Presentation. A six-year-old male patient presented with a history of two bilateral protruding masses in the inguinal-scrotal region that have continued to grow since birth. No gastrointestinal symptoms were reported. Physical examination showed a bilateral inguinoscrotal mass which increased in size during the Valsalva maneuver. Surgical intervention was carried out with a bilateral hernia repair being performed under an anterior method, the surgical invagination of the MD within the small intestine and the appendix within the caecum. Conclusion. Both entities should be considered as a differential diagnosis when it comes to a pediatric patient with unilateral or bilateral inguinal hernias with an uncertain etiology, allowing an early diagnosis and prompt treatment. We present here the first recorded case of both Amyand’s hernia and Littre’s hernia presenting simultaneously in a pediatric patient.

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Introduction. Angiostrongylus costaricensis is a nematode from the superfamily Metastrongyloidea, whose etymology is “roundworm that lives in blood vessels”. This parasite can be found from the southern United States to northern Argentina and southern Brazil. In 1983, Morera and Ruiz published the first case of a testicular artery occlusion by A. costaricensis. Case Presentation. A five year old boy presented with eight days of pain, denying trauma backgrounds and followed with an increase of volume. The treatment was a right simply orchiectomy, finding necrosis of the testicle, the biopsy showed reddish-purple aspect and soft consistency. Histologic studies reveled the presence of a worm inside the testicular artery. Conclusion. The diagnosis of A. costaricensis infection should be considered in all pediatric patients, with signs and symptoms of orchitis or acute abdomen, from endemic areas, may cause occlusion of the testicular artery and appendicular artery causing testicular and cecal appendix necrosis, respectively, even putting the patient’s life at risk. The diagnosis is complex, because the clinical manifestations are similar to an orchitis or acute abdomen, therefore, the definitive diagnosis is made during the surgical intervention and histopathological study.

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y características de los trastornos de Ansiedad y Depresión en Pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Materiales y métodos: El Instituto Nacional del Diabético, Honduras, es un centro de investigación, educación y atención a pacientes con DM2. Estudio tipo transversal y descriptivo, con universo de 12,220 pacientes con diagnóstico de DM2 entre marzo a mayo de 2019, con muestra de 372 casos, calculada con Open Epi de Epi Info 7.2, nivel de confianza 95%, con muestreo aleatorio simple. Criterios de Inclusión: ambos sexos, entre 18 y 90 años, más de un año de diagnóstico de DM2 y aceptar participar con consentimiento informado. Resultados: El 100% fueron pacientes con diagnóstico de DM2, con una muestra de 372 casos, media de edad de 57 años, el 81.1% de las mujeres y el 75.9% de los hombres presentaron por lo menos un rasgo de depresión, así como, 95.8% de mujeres y 93.8% de los hombres, tuvieron algún rasgo de ansiedad. El 4.6% de casos no tuvo ningún rasgo de depresión ni de ansiedad. El 79.0% presentaron algún rasgo de depresión y ansiedad. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 tiene mayor predisposición a trastornos del estado de ánimo, debido al impacto emocional que representa la enfermedad, esta predisposición es mayor en primeros años después del diagnóstico de DM2, así como tiene mayor prevalencia en las Hombres.

Neonato de 23 días de vida, fue evaluado por Síndrome bronquial obstructivo con Score Wood Down modificado de 4, secundario a reflujo gastroesofágico desde segunda semana de vida, se realizó una serie esófagogastroduodenal, reporto reflujo gastroesofágico grado 4.

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