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Objectives:The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and to investigate whether an association exists between the presence of TMD symptoms and the degree of MS-related disability.Materials and Methods:In all, 120 individuals were evaluated: 60 patients with a diagnosis of relapsing-remitting MS and 60 age- and sex-matched controls without neurological impairments. A questionnaire recommended by the European Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders for the assessment of TMD symptoms was administered. For those who answered affirmatively to at least one of the questions, the RDC/TMD Axis I instrument was used for a possible classification of TMD subtypes. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was the measure of the degree of MS-related disability.Statistical Analysis Used:Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the data. ANOVA was used to detect significant differences between means and to assess whether the factors influenced any of the dependent variables by comparing means from the different groups.Results:The prevalence of TMD symptoms in patients with MS was 61.7% versus 18.3% in the control group (CG). A diagnosis of TMD was established for 36.7% in the MS group and 3.3% in the CG (P = 0.0001). There were statistically significant differences between degrees of MS-related disability and the prevalence of TMD (P = 0.0288).Conclusions:The prevalence of both TMD and TMD symptoms was significantly greater in the MS group. EDSS scores and TMD prevalence rates were inversely related.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Among temporomandibular disorder classifications, masticatory muscles myofascial pain is the most frequent. Its multifactorial etiology makes its treatment difficult. Identifying other painful sites related to temporomandibular disorders may help controlling comorbidities and, as a consequence, improving their symptoms. This study aimed at evaluating the presence of body pain in temporomandibular disorder patients, the frequency of such reports and their location. METHODS:We have evaluated 328 medical charts of the Dental Research Center São Leopoldo Mandic, with diagnosis of muscular temporomandibular disorder. Patients were evaluated by means of a body map to locate pain complaints. RESULTS: From 328 analyzed medical charts, 180 (55%) had body pain (160 females, 20 males), and 148 (45%) had facial pain only (116 females, 32 males). Areas with most frequent pain reports were cervical, lumbar and shoulders. Females had more body pain (with pain n=160, without pain n=116, p<0.001) as compared to males (with pain n=20, without pain n=32) with statistical difference. In most cases pain has affected both body sides (bilateral face 67%, bilateral body 92%). CONCLUSION: Most patients with temporomandibular disorder had pain in body parts different from the face. Regions marked in human body drawings with more pain were cervical followed by lumbar and shoulders.

Orthodontic treatment with bilateral Class II elastics does not cause significant orofacial pain or undesirable changes in the range of mouth opening. Furthermore, this modality of orthodontic treatment was not responsible for inducing TMD.

Objectives: The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to evaluate the relationships between anxiety, depression, and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a sample of pre-university students submitted to a stressful event. Study Design: 153 students from a pre-university course (82 females and 71 males between 16 and 31 years old) were given a survey about TMD symptoms and a survey about anxiety and depression scale at the beginning and the end of the preparatory course (August 2009-T1, and November 2009-T2). Results: Results were analyzed using a chi-square test and Odds Ratio (OR), significance level of α = 0.05. Statistical significance were found to depression rates in students with TMD (16% on T1 and 26% on T2, p = 0.001) as well as in general sample (12% on T1 and 22% on T2, p = 0.009), anxiety and TMD symptoms presented constant rates in both periods. Increased risk of having TMD were found in participants with anxiety (OR 2.6 in T2 and 5.6 in T1) and depression (2.0 in T2 and 3.3 in T1), but only anxiety reach statistical significance in both periods. Conclusions: TMD symptoms were a fluctuating variable that exchange between some individuals of this study. Independently of the TMD, depression rates significant increased in the evaluated period. Finally, anxiety was the psychological symptom related to the increased risk of having TMD. Key words:Temporomandibular disorders, anxiety, depression, orofacial pain, hospital anxiety and depression scale.

ObjectiveThe present research aims to evaluate the calibration of digital palpation pressure as well as to assess the inter-examiner variation and mean pressure used by a sample consisting of 56 professionals of the TMJ disorders and Orofacial Pain area. Methods Each 0kg). The t-student test was used to analyze data (p≤0.05). Results 70% of the sample was classified as non-calibrated RESUMO ObjetivoAvaliar a calibração da força de palpação digital, bem como determinar a variação intra-examinador e a força média aplicada por uma amostra composta de 56 profissionais que atuam na especialidade de disfunção temporomandibular e dor orofacial. MétodosFoi solicitado a cada participante que pressionasse o centro de uma balança digital, sem visualizar o display, o valor que acreditasse ser correspondente à 1,0 kg e, posteriormente, a 0,5 kg, recomendados pelo protocolo de exame físico do Eixo I do Consortium, the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. Foram considerados calibrados aqueles que aplicassem a força correta, aceitando-se uma variação de 20% (entre 0,4 e 0,6 kg para o menor valor e 0,8 a 1.2 kg para o maior valor), em 4 das 5 aferições realizadas. Na análise dos dados foi utilizado o teste t de Student (p≤0,05).Resultados 70% da amostra foi classificada como não calibrada para a força de 0,5 kg e 57% não calibrada para 1,0 kg. A variação média intraexaminador de 0,3 kg para o peso de 0,5 kg e 0,6 kg para o de 1,0 kg foram consideradas altas. ConclusãoA força média aplicada pelos participantes (0,7 kg para palpação articular e 1.4 kg para palpação muscular) foi maior que o recomendado pelo Consortium, the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, entretanto encontra-se de acordo com a tendência em aplicar valores mais altos entre 1,0 e 1,5 kg, validado em estudo recente.Termos de indexação: Diagnóstico. Palpação. Pesquisa. Síndrome da disfunção da articulação temporomandibular.

Objective This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to detect signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), verifying whether the perception of signs observed by caregivers of non‐verbal autistic children are the same as those observed by caregivers of verbal ones. Methods This is a cross‐sectional, exploratory and analytical study. The sample consisted of forty individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), thirty non‐verbal and ten verbal, besides their respective caregivers. For this, an experimental questionnaire was applied and compared to the European Academy of Orofacial Pain (EAOP) questionnaire, which is already validated and widely used throughout the world. All responses were compared using the chi‐square test and the questionnaires were compared with the McNemar test, considering p < .05. Results When comparing the number of coincident responses to the questionnaire between caregivers and children, the mean was 8.2 ± 1.61 responses. After performing the binomial test, no statistically significant discrepancy was found between the results of the two tests adopted when the questionnaires were compared (Mc Nemar test, p > .05) Conclusion The development of this questionnaire and its validation serve as a support for health professionals in the TMD area, for the detection of TMD in non‐verbal autistic children, providing them and their caregivers, who are faced with several difficulties in their day‐by‐day, a facilitating instrument.