Salt stress is one of the most common stresses in agricultural regions worldwide. In particular, sugarcane is affected by salt stress conditions, and no sugarcane cultivar presently show high productivity accompanied by a tolerance to salt stress. Proteomic analysis allows elucidation of the important pathways involved in responses to various abiotic stresses at the biochemical and molecular levels. Thus, this study aimed to analyse the proteomic effects of salt stress in micropropagated shoots of two sugarcane cultivars (CB38-22 and RB855536) using a label-free proteomic approach. The mass spectrometry proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006075. The RB855536 cultivar is more tolerant to salt stress than CB38-22. A quantitative label-free shotgun proteomic analysis identified 1172 non-redundant proteins, and 1160 of these were observed in both cultivars in the presence or absence of NaCl. Compared with CB38-22, the RB855536 cultivar showed a greater abundance of proteins involved in non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms, ion transport, and photosynthesis. Some proteins, such as calcium-dependent protein kinase, photosystem I, phospholipase D, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, were more abundant in the RB855536 cultivar under salt stress. Our results provide new insights into the response of sugarcane to salt stress, and the changes in the abundance of these proteins might be important for the acquisition of ionic and osmotic homeostasis during exposure to salt stress.
Somatic embryogenesis is an important biological process in several plant species, including sugar cane. Proteomics approaches have shown that H pumps are differentially regulated during somatic embryogenesis; however, the relationship between H flux and embryogenic competence is still unclear. This work aimed to elucidate the association between extracellular H flux and somatic embryo maturation in sugar cane. We performed a microsomal proteomics analysis and analyzed changes in extracellular H-flux and H-pump (P-H-ATPase, V-H-ATPase, and H-PPase) activity in embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus. A total of 657 proteins were identified, 16 of which were H pumps. We observed that P-H-ATPase and H-PPase were more abundant in embryogenic callus. Compared to non-embryogenic callus, embryogenic callus showed higher H influx, especially on maturation day 14, as well as higher H-pump activity (mainly, P-H-ATPase and H-PPase activity). H-PPase appears to be the major H pump in embryogenic callus during somatic embryo formation, functioning in both vacuole acidification and PPi homeostasis. These results provide evidence for an association between higher H-pump protein abundance and, consequently, higher H flux and embryogenic competence acquisition in the callus of sugar cane, allowing for the optimization of the somatic embryo conversion process by modulating the activities of these H pumps.
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