This article presents the development of and data on the dimensional structure, reliability, and validity of 2 new inventories for assessing different aspects of fear of flying: the Flight Anxiety Situations questionnaire (FAS), which assesses anxiety related to flying experienced in different situations, and the Flight Anxiety Modality questionnaire (FAM), which measures symptom modalities in which anxiety in flight situations is expressed. Two initial questionnaires were constructed from multiple sources. Factor analytic studies were conducted to assess their internal structure, and the final versions were examined in a sample of 746 patients who experienced fear of flying. A principal-components analysis investigated the optimal dimensional structure in 2 randomly created subsamples. A 3-factor solution for the FAS and a 2-factor solution for the FAM were revealed. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were good to excellent. Moderately strong correlations between the subscales suggest sufficient factorial specificity and convergent validity. The subscales were sensitive to change.

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According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV), fear of flying is a specific situational phobia, but it has a heterogeneous character because it can be influenced by many other fears. Attention toward (monitoring) or away from (blunting) threatening information is influenced by people’s control of voluntary attention. In our online questionnaire study, 9,166 subjects (age 17–70 years) were selected for participation. The Flight Anxiety Modality (FAM) questionnaire and Miller Behavioral Style Scale (MBSS) were used to measure fear of flying and behavioral style. Also, demographic information was collected. Women reported a higher FAM sum score than men, as predicted. Participants who scored higher on the MBSS were found to have also scored higher on the FAM. Participants who had never flown before scored higher on the FAM than participants who had flown before. In this sample, monitoring can be associated with an increase in fear of flying. Future research should focus on gaining a more multicultural picture of fear of flying.