The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for the occurrence of endoparasitosis in dogs and cats in Espírito Santo, Brazil. For the study, 345 dogs and 160 cats were examined. Faecal samples from the animals were collected, and owners were interviewed about their handling of their animals. For the diagnosis of the infections, the Willis-Molley, simple centrifugal flotation and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques were performed. The data found in the tests were tabulated and analysed with a chi-square test (p <0.05), and calculation of odds ratios (OR) with confidence intervals of 95% were then performed to determine the association between the variables and the outcome of stool examinations. The prevalence of parasites was 59% for dogs and 54% for cats. The genus Ancylostoma was the most prevalent (45%). Supplying filtered water, not feeding raw foods, standardisation of a defecation site and cleaning up the faeces reduced the chances of developing intestinal parasites. An increased frequency of deworming was also shown to be a protective factor; specifically animals which received anthelmintic more than once a year had a lower predisposition for intestinal parasites.
The objective of this study was to correlate the hematologic changes and serum proteins with parasitism by Ancylostoma sp. in dogs. 50 dogs naturally infected with Ancylostoma sp. were used without distinction of sex, from one to six years of age, belonging to the Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of UFRRJ. Stool samples were collected and these were identified and was carried out egg counts per gram of feces. Also, blood samples were collected for the realization of the complete blood count and levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin. The results were tabulated and submitted to Spearman correlation test with 5% significance. Of animals evaluated, 42% showed a reduction in the amounts of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit consequently were anemic. The eosinophilia was observed in 66% of evaluated animals and 28% had hypoalbuminemia. The correlation was found between the parasitism by Ancylostoma sp. and the development of anemia, eosinophilia, and hypoalbuminemia. Therefore, it can be concluded from these results that the parasitism by this nematode causes anemia, eosinophilia, and hypoalbuminemia.
Nematodes of the genus Physaloptera are common in rodents, including in species of the Family Cricetidae. There is no report of nematodes parasitizing Cerradomys goytaca, so this is the first one. For this study, 16 rodents were captured in the city of Quissamã, in the northern of Rio de Janeiro State. The rodents were necropsied, and the digestive tracts were analyzed under a stereomicroscope for the presence of parasites. The nematodes were fixed in hot AFA, clarified in Amann's lactophenol, mounted on slides with coverslip, and observed under an optical microscope. Part of the nematodes was fixed in Karnovisk solution for scanning electron microscopy. Nematodes presented evident sexual dimorphism. Oral openings had two semicircular pseudolabia, with an external lateral tooth and an internal lateral tripartite tooth on each pseudolabium. Males had a ventral spiral curved posterior ends with the presence of a caudal alae with 21 papillae with four pairs of pedunculated papillae arranged laterally, three pre-cloacal sessile papillae arranged rectilinearly and five pairs of post-cloacal sessile papillae. There was also a pair of phasmids located between the fourth and fifth pairs of post-cloacal papillae as well as two spicules that were sub-equal in size but of distinct shapes. The females have five uterine branches. The morphological and morphometrical analyses of the nematodes collected from C. goytaca were compared with other species, and the results indicated that this is a new species of the genus Physaloptera, Physaloptera goytaca n. sp.
Platynosomum sp. é um trematódeo encontrado em áreas tropicais e subtropicais e acomete felinos domésticos, sendo a principal via de transmissão a ingestão das lagartixas, contendo as formas infectantes, as metacercárias e parasitando fígado, vesícula biliar e ductos biliares. Na maioria dos animais infectados cursa com a forma assintomática, porém, a severidade da doença está associada com a carga, o tempo e a resposta individual do animal parasitado. O exame coproparasitológico é fundamental para possível diagnóstico, pela visualização de ovos operculados. O estudo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de um felino doméstico naturalmente infectado por Platynosomum fastosum no município de Alegre, Espírito Santo. A felina possuía acesso à rua com hábito de caçar e foi submetida a exame coproparasitológico para estudo epidemiológico de verminoses de gatos do município de Alegre-ES. No exame foi encontrado ovos de P. fastosum por meio da técnica parasitológica de centrífugo-flutuação. Não foram vistas alterações clínicas e no exame ultrassonográfico. A partir disso, foi tratada com praziquantel na dose de 20 mg/kg continuado por 3 dias. O exame coproparasitológico foi repetido uma semana e 10 meses após o tratamento obtendo-se resultados negativos evidenciando o sucesso da terapêutica. Dessa forma, os dados presentes nesse relato buscam atentar para casos de platinossomíases e introduzir os exames coproparasitológicos na rotina.
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