The study investigated the influence of non-formal education programmes on poverty reduction among young adults in southern senatorial district of Cross River State, Nigeria between 2000-2005. Three hypotheses were postulated and tested. Data were collected using the Poverty Reduction Inventory (PRI). The stratified random sampling technique was used based on location (Local Councils and existing political wards) to select four local government areas and forty local wards. From these local government areas and wards, simple random sampling technique was employed to select two local government areas and thirty wards from which three hundred (300) youths were selected as sample for the study. Data collected were analysed using analysis of variance and independent t-test analysis. Results obtained showed that acquisition of vocational skills lead to a significant reduction of poverty among young adults, and participants' age on skill acquisition programmes significantly, influenced poverty reduction. Similarly, the results revealed that there is no significant difference in poverty reduction between male and female youths. On the basis of these findings recommendations were made.
The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive relationship of peer group influence, teacher-student interaction and indiscipline to students' dropout tendency in evening continuing education programmes. The context of this study is the southern senatorial district of Cross River State, Nigeria. The study adopted a predictive correlational research design, and the sample comprised 554 students randomly selected from 11 centres in the district. This represents 20% of the total population of students. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire titled: "Social Indicators and Dropout Tendency Scale" (SIDTS). The researchers collected the data that were analysed using Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple linear regression analyses at the .05 level of significance. The results revealed that peer group influence, teacher-student interaction and level of indiscipline collectively and individually predicted dropout tendency among students in evening continuing education programmes. It was recommended, among others, that the teachers discover diverse ways of making their teaching process lively by devising ways of engaging the students in the learning process by forming discussion groups that will promote healthy peer groups, which will increase their eagerness to come to school.
Nigeria is a signatory to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) declaration but till now she has not made any significant milestones in actualizing these human development goals. In spite of the coordinated efforts towards mobilizing those in the formal education system to partially address its implementation challenges, serious gaps still exit in the implementation drive through the non-formal education. Most adults whose position and daily activities are critical to the successful actualization of the MDGs are excluded from the implementation programmes. Against this backdrop, this paper explores the relevance of non-formal education curriculum to the actualization of the Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria within the 2015 time frame.
Background and Objective: Open defecation is the human practice of defecating in the environment rather than into a toilet. Open defecation is a public health menace and causes health problems such as diarrheoa, typhoid, cholera, etc., in areas where people defecate places other than toilets or latrines. This study was aimed at determining the knowledge, perception and practice of open defecation among residents in Ussa Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted and used for this study. Data were generated using a semi-structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Data generated were collated, synthesized and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The results obtained in this study showed that 260 (67.7%) had good knowledge of open defecation while 124 (32.3%) recorded poor knowledge. Most respondents 202 (53.6%) demonstrated positive perception about open defecation while 182 (46.4%) exhibited negative perception. Over two-third of the respondents 302 (78.6%) respondents indicated that they have defecated at least once in open space and only 110 (28.6%) have access to a toilet facility. Perceived health problems associated with open defecation practice as indicated by the respondents were mainly; malaria 341 (88.8%), typhoid 221 (57.6%) and cholera 210 (54.7%). It was also observed that 274 (71.4%) households do not have a toilet facility, 200 (69.0%) lack access to improved source of water supply, 356 (92.7%) household lack a drainage system, 308 (80.2%) had bushes around their surroundings, 256 (66.7%) had odour of excreta in the surrounding and 239 (62.2%) lack a proper waste storage facility and exhibit poor waste disposal. Conclusion: Findings in this study showed that respondents had good knowledge and exhibited positive perception about open defecation, but majority of the proportion confirmed to have defecated in open fields.
Ethno-religious pluralism and sustainable national development in Nigeria seem a paradox as well as an unattainable goal. Lives and properties have been recklessly destroyed with unabated zeal without giving consideration to our national diversities. This study was carried out in sixteen Nigerian Universities with a sample was made up of 800 lecturers divided into north and south. The sampling technique adopted was the multi-staged random sampling technique; data was generated through the use of a structured questionnaire administered directly by the researchers and ten research assistants over a period of 3 months. The researchers formulated two research questions and two hypotheses to guide the study. Data generated from the field using the instrument was coded and analyzed using the independent t-test analysis. Results obtained showed that Muslim staff religious tolerance (15.9>8.2); this produced tvalue of 33.9 with a p-value higher than the .05 significance level with 798 degrees of freedom, this implies that religious tolerance does significantly influence sustainable national development. The result of the second hypothesis also shows that mean score for the North is slightly greater than the mean score for the South (11.86>10.73); this produced t-value of 2.41with a p-value higher than the .05 significance level with 798 degrees of freedom. This implies ethnocentrism (religious pluralism and ethnicity) has significant influence on sustainable national development in Nigeria. The authors concluded that despite the religious pluralism as is observed in Nigeria, Nigerians can still live peacefully among the different ethnic nationalities and carry out sustainable national development. It was however recommended that leaders should make their followers understand that Nigeria is a country for all of us and as such every citizen has equal rights and privileged to govern or lead and every leader should give equal opportunities to every sector of the country.
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