Ethno-religious pluralism and sustainable national development in Nigeria seem a paradox as well as an unattainable goal. Lives and properties have been recklessly destroyed with unabated zeal without giving consideration to our national diversities. This study was carried out in sixteen Nigerian Universities with a sample was made up of 800 lecturers divided into north and south. The sampling technique adopted was the multi-staged random sampling technique; data was generated through the use of a structured questionnaire administered directly by the researchers and ten research assistants over a period of 3 months. The researchers formulated two research questions and two hypotheses to guide the study. Data generated from the field using the instrument was coded and analyzed using the independent t-test analysis. Results obtained showed that Muslim staff religious tolerance (15.9>8.2); this produced tvalue of 33.9 with a p-value higher than the .05 significance level with 798 degrees of freedom, this implies that religious tolerance does significantly influence sustainable national development. The result of the second hypothesis also shows that mean score for the North is slightly greater than the mean score for the South (11.86>10.73); this produced t-value of 2.41with a p-value higher than the .05 significance level with 798 degrees of freedom. This implies ethnocentrism (religious pluralism and ethnicity) has significant influence on sustainable national development in Nigeria. The authors concluded that despite the religious pluralism as is observed in Nigeria, Nigerians can still live peacefully among the different ethnic nationalities and carry out sustainable national development. It was however recommended that leaders should make their followers understand that Nigeria is a country for all of us and as such every citizen has equal rights and privileged to govern or lead and every leader should give equal opportunities to every sector of the country.
The principal duty of any government is the protection of its citizens. But it has become a herculean task for Nigerian government to protect the lives and properties of her citizen because of religious and ethnic violence orchestrated by the activities of Boko Haram which has variously been attributed to the Islamic religion. Bombing and killing of lives and the destruction of properties have become a very regular and frequent occurrence in Nigeria today. A lot of attacks have been made by these faceless terrorists in the country from churches, mosque, markets, schools and barracks killing well over 10,000 innocent and helpless citizens. This comparative study was therefore carried out to investigate if the two major religions in the country were actually responsible for the activities of Boko Haram. But our investigation and finding using Christianity and Islam has clearly shown that Boko Haram is not an activity of religion but rather a political activity on a mission to destroy the teaching of Allah and God who preaches peace and love. Granted that the two religions under discourse do not teach violence as a virtue to its adherents, why has Boko Haram been traced to Moslem? How can this violence perpetrated by Boko Haram work for national unity, integration and national development. This study therefore used a well structured questionnaire for data collection amongst both Christians and Moslems located within Adamawa, Kano, Kaduna and Bauchi states where the activities of Boko Haram is most pronounced in recent times. Using simple percentage to analyze respondents view, it was discovered that religion was not the reason behind Boko Haram; rather Boko Haram came for political reason as a result of the dissatisfaction in power shift among some disgruntled northern political gladiators who desperately wanted power at all cost not minding what it
A study was carried out in some Local Government Areas of Cross River State of Nigeria to identify and ascertain the availability, level of production and the yields of crop by-products derived from commonly cultivated crops that can serve as feed for small ruminants. The results show that the various staple crops commonly grown in Cross River State produce the following crop by-products in a decreasing order of yields- cassava peels> yam peels> corn cobs> maize sheaths> plantain peels> maize offal> rice offal> cassava sievets> banana peels> fried garri sievets> groundnut haulms> sweet potato peels. The annual yield of crop by-products per Local Government Area is estimated as follows: cassava peels 89,226.40, yam peels 32,318.80, maize sheaths and offal 358,050.00, rice 0ffal 37,140.00, cowpea haulms 34,064.00, groundnut haulms 41,872.00, banana peels and rejects 18,420.00, plantain peels 7,598.40, cocoyam peels 11,944.00, sweet potato peels and rejects 8,024.00 tonnes per selected LGA.The total amount of crop by-products (638,657.60 tonnes) generated each year from the staple food crops will go a long way in solving the problem of feed scarcity for ruminants during dry season.
The struggle to save humankind from hunger and starvation through the improvement of agricultural productivity using agrochemicals has gone a long way to settle an aspect of these challenges, but its social, health and ecological implication has always almost been forgotten. Due to man's indiscriminate land use/farming activities and the use of agrochemicals without adhering strictly to the user instructions included in the agrochemical package, this has affected man in no small way. This is so because of man's unregulated agricultural activities coupled with his faulty land use pattern. This has affected both the natural ecosystem and the agricultural farm produce thereby turning round to affect the health of man, his environment and his finances too. This paper therefore investigated the effect of these agrochemicals on health, environment and the social aspects. This research is therefore located within the northern senatorial district of Cross River State, which covers Ogoja, Yala, Bekwarra, Obudu and Obanliku local government areas. A total of 638 respondents including farmers, nurses, medical doctors and other laboratory scientists within the study area were randomly selected for the study using multistage random sampling technique. The instruments for the study include a structured questionnaire, personal interview and client case file, using independent t-test and simple percentage for data analysis, it was found that within the period the rural farmers started using these agrochemicals especially herbicides and those for crop storage, there has been an increase in the incidence of cancer growth, gastro-intestinal disorder and other health and birth complications within the study zone. These effects did not only affect the health of humans, it also affected
Two distance education programmes prominently exist in Nigeria. These are the Nigerian Certificate of Education (NCE) distance learning programme and the Open University distance education models. Ample evidence abounds to show that numerous Nigerians have not maximally taken advantage of these programmes to acquire requisite knowledge and skills in order to fit into the world of work and/or to improve their productivity. A plethora of factors underlie these unsavory situations. This paper highlights the inherent needs to the participation of Nigerians into these distance learning programmes and also suggests different strategies for widening or enhancing the access of more Nigerians to these new paradigms of accessing education.
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