I. In this note, I consider an inequality bearing a formal resemblance to that of HSlder, and I derive from it new conditions for the existence of a Stieltjes integral, and for passage to the limit under the integral sign. The conditions for limits under the integral sign differ from any previously known, in that, for the first time, absolute integrability is not required. They throw some light on problems of convergence of Fourier series.The first proof of the inequality is due to ~I ~ E. R. Love, who studied it at my suggestion. In a joint paper, elsewhere, we propose to consider further questions connected with it.2. We begin with a simple lemma.If as,... , an and b~ .... , bn are two ordered sets of n complex numbers, and p, q > o, then there is an index k (o < k --< n), such that L.C. Young. separating consecutive terms of a finite sequence a=(a,,..., an) may be termed a partition P. The result of the operation is a finite sequence Pa =-x = (xl, ..., xm) in which each x~ is a corresponding sum of at, and, of course, m ~< n. And if dO(a, b) is a function of a pair of sequences a---~ (al, ..., a~) and b ~ (bl,..., b~) the expression dO(Pa, Pb) may be said to be derived from dO(a, b) by the partition P.It is with the expressions thus derived by partition from the product that we shall be concerned. A.5. The inequality for finite sequences. Let 8p, q(a, b) be the largest of the values of the product for which xl,.., xm and Yl,..., Y~ are the result of a same partition applied to the finite sequences a=al,...,a~ and b=bl,...,bn.

No abstract

Engaging students in role play promotes active learning. Planned and structured role plays can be used to deliver components of the curriculum in clinical rotations of a medical programme. Role plays are most effective if learning objectives are defined, and the cases are challenging. All students should be involved and ground rules should be set. Allow adequate time for the role play, feedback and reflection. Let the students enjoy themselves. This paper provides 12 tips to create a meaningful learning experience for students using role play.

There exists at present a gap in channel theory on the role of co‐operation and trust in the functioning of interfirm relationships. These variables have not featured as major factors in the explanations of how channels co‐ordinate their activities, survive and grow. This article introduces trust as an important determinant of channel behaviour, indicates the importance of trust in co‐operative behaviour and presents the results of an introductory study on trust in marketing channels.

According to the results of this study, first-year medical students in a problem-based learning curriculum were better able to accurately judge the performance of their peers compared to their own performance. This study has shown that self-assessment of process is not an accurate measure, in line with the majority of research in this domain. Nevertheless, it has an important role to play in supporting the development of skills in reflection and self-awareness.

No abstract

Purpose -This paper considers ways forward in the study of trust in business relationships and networks. Design/methodology/approach -The 25 papers focusing on trust previously published in the Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing are categorized as to their focus and compared to the body of work on trust concluding there is little considering the nature of trust. A model that integrates conceptualizations of the past and present and extends these to incorporate nature of trust as affective -including calculation and emotion -is presented. Findings -This broadened conceptualization of trust contains focused, interacting components enabling both holistic and well as focused study of relationships and the role of trust within them.Research limitations/implications -An important direction for business relationship and network research is consideration of the best way to conceptualize and measure trust. The way that trust components combine and vary in different settings, including in different cultures is also needed in future work. Operationalisations that are both more parsimonious and valid are likely. Practical implications -Understanding as to value of measures of propensity to trust (which this model can guide) has potential value to managers as does an effective measure of generalized trust and understanding as whether this is a first step in relationship trial. Originality/value -This is first detailed model of the nature of trust in business relationships that has been published in the marketing literature.

The authors identify five types of relationship commitment in international marketing relationships: value-based, affective, locked-in, obligation, and behavioral commitment. They develop and test scales to measure these dimensions on the basis of a study of India-based firms’ international business relationships. The dimensions are interrelated but distinct and vary according to relationship development, performance, and cultural context. The authors find similar patterns of commitment for better-performing relationships with partners in different regions of the world, but there are differences by region for poorer-performing relationships. The results have implications for developing and sustaining successful international marketing relationships and for further research.