"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: BURNETT, S. M., ILLINGWORTH, L. and WEBSTER, L., 2004. Knowledge auditing and mapping: a pragmatic approach. Knowledge and Process Management, 11 (1), pp. 25-37, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi. This paper seeks to describe the process, methods and resulting outcomes of a knowledge audit and map carried out within a tax department in a multinational oil exploration and production company. Although the department had employed systems for managing information, there was a desire to build on this to develop and apply systems and processes to manage and exploit knowledge embedded in staff. By using questionnaires and interviews, the audit and map process aimed to provide a critical first step in introducing knowledge management into the department, and establishing a plan of action.

This paper presents the results of a small pilot study examining how anonymity may potentially affect knowledge sharing in an organisation. Staff employed in a Scottish university were invited to post responses, anonymously or by including their e-mail address, in relation to a newly introduced car park scheme on campus. One hundred and forty-five staff participated in the study with just under half responding anonymously. The responses were analysed by content and length and the results show that very negative responses are less likely to be anonymous. While a similar proportion of identified and anonymous responses were negative in content, a higher proportion of identified responses supplied very negative responses. While suggested improvements and helpful comments are also less likely to be made anonymously, individuals are more likely to anonymously share or discuss complaints relating to past experiences and issues. In addition, anonymous responses tend to be shorter in length and more to the point than identified responses. Copyright # 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. INTRODUCTION AND RATIONALEThis small preliminary study aimed to test the hypothesis that the ability to act anonymously in virtual environments can encourage individuals to share knowledge. The main objectives of the study were:To examine the literature surrounding knowledge sharing and communication in virtual environments. To examine the differences and/or similarities in the content, nature and quantity of anonymous and identified responses.To determine whether or not anonymous communication in a virtual environment produces more valid responses. To identify the feasibility and potential research approaches for future research in this area.The rapid improvement in information and communication technologies (ICTs) as well as a reduction in their cost has resulted in companies worldwide becoming increasingly reliant on their use to store and share knowledge both internally and externally. Using ICTs (and in particular Internet-based technologies) customers can now secure the use of products and services from companies across the world. Inside organisations, employees communicate with each other to share ideas, solve problems, and answer questions, allowing them to learn on an ongoing basis. Employees can now communicate to individuals

Discusses the findings of a study investigating the attitudes, perceptions and experiences of Scottish non‐profit environmental organisations and the costs and benefits of the Internet as a marketing and communications tool. Aims to ascertain whether the size of the organisation and the level of Internet use determines the perceptions and beliefs of non‐profit organisations within the environmental sector in Scotland and whether these factors also determines the costs and benefits experienced by Internet users. Finds that regardless of size or the level of use, organisations believe the Internet is a cost‐effective way to market their organisations and promote awareness. However, attitudinal factors affect the level of use by small organisations. Overall the organisations within the sample have indicated that the Internet is a low cost, high benefit marketing solution.

Over the last 20 years, the knowledge audit and map have been acknowledged as important tools in helping to identify and visually represent the knowledge present in organizational contexts. Despite this recognition and the availability of theoretical material, there has been a dearth of literature relating to the application of these tools. Consequently, a number of methodologies based on KM practice and research emerged in the early 2000s; several of which still inform the knowledge audit and map processes today. This paper revisits and extends research carried out by the authors in 2004 to present how this work has been expanded further through the incorporation of ensuing developments in the field with a view of continuing the development of knowledge auditing and mapping approaches. As such, a detailed methodology based on a recent case study is presented, including comparisons between the two methodological approaches, a rationale for the consequent modifications to the original case methodology and concomitant benefits for the amended approach.