This review goal is to reflect on the challenges and prospects for water quality in the face of the pandemic caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19). Based on the information available so far, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater has raised interest in using it as an early warning method, to detect the resurgence of infections and to report the risk associated with contracting SARS-CoV-2 in contact with untreated water or inadequately treated wastewater is discharged. The wastewater-based epidemiological approach can be used as an early indicator of infection within a specific population. On the other hand, it is necessary to collect information from the managers of drinking water supply companies and professionals who are related to water quality, to know SARS-CoV-2 data and information, and its influence on drinking water quality. The basic purpose of this review article is to try to provide a valuable and quick reference guide to COVID-19. Important topics were discussed, such as detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in various parts of the world; wastewater screening to monitor COVID-19; persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in aquatic systems; the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in drinking water; clean water as a mechanism to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic; chlorine as a disinfectant to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 and damage to ecosystems by the use of chlorine. Currently does not exist extensive literature on the effectiveness of water and wastewater treatment processes that ensure the correct elimination of SARS-CoV-2. Excessive use of disinfectants such as chlorine is causing effects on the environment. This document highlights the need for further research to establish the behavior of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in aquatic systems. This study presents an early overview of the observed and potential impacts of COVID-19 on the environment.

A total of 188,859 meteorological-PM$$_{10}$$ 10 data validated before (2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) were used. In order to predict PM$$_{10}$$ 10 in two districts of South Lima in Peru, hourly, daily, monthly and seasonal variations of the data were analyzed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and linear/nonlinear modeling were applied. The results showed the highest annual average PM$$_{10}$$ 10 for San Juan de Miraflores (SJM) (PM$$_{10}$$ 10 -SJM: 78.7 $$\upmu$$ μ g/m$$^{3}$$ 3 ) and the lowest in Santiago de Surco (SS) (PM$$_{10}$$ 10 -SS: 40.2 $$\upmu$$ μ g/m$$^{3}$$ 3 ). The PCA showed the influence of relative humidity (RH)-atmospheric pressure (AP)-temperature (T)/dew point (DP)-wind speed (WS)-wind direction (WD) combinations. Cool months with higher humidity and atmospheric instability decreased PM$$_{10}$$ 10 values in SJM and warm months increased it, favored by thermal inversion (TI). Dust resuspension, vehicular transport and stationary sources contributed more PM$$_{10}$$ 10 at peak times in the morning and evening. The Multiple linear regression (MLR) showed the best correlation (r = 0.6166), followed by the three-dimensional model LogAP-LogWD-LogPM$$_{10}$$ 10 (r = 0.5753); the RMSE-MLR (12.92) exceeded that found in the 3D models (RMSE $$<0.3$$ < 0.3 ) and the NSE-MLR criterion (0.3804) was acceptable. PM$$_{10}$$ 10 prediction was modeled using the algorithmic approach in any scenario to optimize urban management decisions in times of pandemic.

This study evaluates the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 and identification of source in the districts of San Juan de Lurigancho and Puente Piedra (PPD) in Lima-Peru. The samples were collected from April to May 2017 by the National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru (Senamhi). The concentration of PM10 and PM2.5, measured by gravimetric techniques, exceeded the international (WHO) and national standards; with maximum values for PM10 and PM2.5 of 160 and 121.56 µg/ m3 in PPD and 295.06  and 154.58 µg/ m3 in SJL. Identification of sources by the Positive Matrix Factorization Model (PMF 5.0) and Principal Component Analysis (ACP), showed similar sources for both districts. In SJL, the combination of vehicular traffic and resuspension of soil dust, marine aerosol and iron and steel industry was determined, while in PPD the resuspension of soil dust, vehicular source, industrial activity and marine aerosol.

ResumoNesse trabalho, é apresentada a eletroflotação de finos de cassiterita, utilizando-se o Rhodococcus opacus (R. opacus) como biorreagente. A avaliação da interação desse micro-organismo com a superfície do mineral foi realizada através de experimentos envolvendo medidas de potencial zeta, ângulo de contato e ensaios de adsorção. Adicionalmente, os efeitos da densidade de corrente e concentração de microorganismo no tamanho médio de bolhas (Sauter) foram também avaliados. Após a interação, foi observado um caráter hidrofóbico nas partículas, como verificado pela medida de ângulo de contato. Além disso, foram observadas mudanças na mobilidade eletroforética das partículas de cassiterita, para valores próximos de zero. O tamanho médio de bolhas, obtido através da técnica de difração laser, foi de 26 µm. A densidade de corrente e a concentração de bactérias mostraram-se como os parâmetros de maior influência no tamanho de bolhas. Os ensaios de eletroflotação constataram uma recuperação máxima em torno de 64,5%, para uma concentração de bactéria de 2,87x10¹² células/mL (50 mg cells/L); densidade de corrente de 51,4 mA/cm 2 e pH 5,0. Palavras-chave: Eletroflotação, finos de cassiterita, Rhodococcus opacus. Abstract In this work, the electroflotation of cassiterite fine ranges using Rhodococcus opacus (R. opacus) as bioreagent has been carried out. The interaction between R. opacus and mineral surface was valued through the zeta potential

Con la finalidad de reducir la contaminación por metales pesados en suelos agrícolas, decidimos evaluar el efecto de las enmiendas orgánicas (compost y vermicompost). Se realizó el trabajo utilizando girasol como fitorremediadora. Para ello se emplearon los suelos agrícolas de las localidades Mantaro y Muqui del valle del Mantaro. Los resultados indican que los suelos de la localidad de Muqui, contienen la mayor cantidad de Pb y Cd, presentando efectos negativos en la producción de biomasa. La planta de girasol absorbe los metales pesados como lo demuestra la mayor acumulación de plomo y cadmio en la raíz de ésta, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la acumulación de plomo en tallos y flores, tallos y hojas, para cadmio en los tallos y hojas, confirmando que la aplicación de las enmiendas orgánicas contribuye a solubilizar el Pb y Cd del suelo, además de contribuir en un mayor desarrollo del cultivo. Los valores del Factor de Bioconcentración (FBC) de Cadmio (0,53-0,66) fueron mejores que el plomo (0,07-0,08), mientras que los valores del Factor de Translocación (FT) indicaron una capacidad del girasol como un fitoestabilizador, especialmente con el uso de vermicompost (Pb: 1

The knowledge of the tendencies of the drinking water treatments was changing through the previous decades and it is necessary to improve it for the benefit of the human beings. In this sense, the purpose of the study was to develop a scientometric study about the drinking water treatments in the period 2010-2020 for providing the state of art of the studies about the drinking water treatments in diverse knowledge areas and new orientations for future research. For this purpose, a search of the information was performed both in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases, and all articles and reviews related to the field of water treatment or chemistry were included. The results showed that China, the USA and the Netherlands have the majority of the most cited publications and various related multidisciplinary topics, such as infrastructure, technologies and pollution. Therefore, the study allows concluding that there is a need for research on different technologies that contribute positively to obtaining quality water for consumption and for the use of routine activities, being the combination and integration of the different treatment processes a challenge for future studies.

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