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GAPP affords an excellent opportunity to assess genetic and phenotypic predictors of cardiovascular risk factors and their progression over time in young and healthy adults from the general population.

Serum uromodulin behaves in a manner opposite that of the different conventional renal retention markers by displaying lower concentrations with decreasing kidney function. As uromodulin is produced by the cells of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, lower uromodulin serum levels may reflect a reduction in number or function of these cells in chronic kidney disease.