No abstract

No abstract

A survey of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contamination in packaged milk and infant formula milk samples in the Goan market, India, was conducted using high performance liquid chromatography, association of analytical communities approved commercial kit and a sensitive chemiluminescent sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 72 samples of infant formula milk food (18) and packaged milk samples (54) was analysed. One hundred per cent of the analysed samples exceeded the European Communities recommended limits (50 ng/L) and 75% of the samples exceeded Codex Alimentarius, Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) and US Food and Drug Administration recommended limits (500 ng/L). The range of contamination of AFM1 was found lower in infant milk formula (501-713 ng/L) than liquid milk (511-809 ng/L). The methods were also compared for their performance, and ELISA was found to be most suitable for analysis of low-level AFM1 contamination in milk.

A sensitive fluorimetric ELISA was developed for the analysis of aflatoxins. The assay was performed in a 384 microwell plate, wherein high specificity monoclonal antibody against AFM1 (mAb-AFM1) was used as capture antibody and FITC conjugated secondary antibody was used for detection and quantification of the analyte. The linear range of the immunoassay was found to be 6.25–50 pg/mL. AFM1 as low as 1 pg/mL was detected by this method with assay volume 40 μL. The multi-analysis of different aflatoxins was also investigated in the microwell plate, based on the cross-reactivity (CR) approach. Real milk samples were tested along with certified reference material by standard addition method and recovery analysis was done. The mAb-AFM1 showed 23.2% CR with AFB1, 50% CR with respect to AFM2, and least CR towards AFG1 (<1%). Furthermore, mixture analysis of AFM2 and AFB1 was carried out at specific concentrations of AFM1. The advantages of this developed immunoassay are high sensitivity, high throughput, multianalyte detection, versatility, and ease of handling.

No abstract