This Guideline is an official statement of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). It addresses the diagnosis and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (NVUGIH). Abbreviations ! APC argon plasma coagulation ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists DAPT dual antiplatelet therapy CHADS 2 congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes mellitus, and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack [risk score] CI confidence interval DOAC direct oral anticoagulant ESGE

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Dual endoscopic therapy proved significantly superior to epinephrine injection alone, but had no advantage over thermal or mechanical monotherapy in improving the outcome of patients with high-risk peptic ulcer bleeding.

The Italian 10-point score for the prediction of death was successfully validated in this independent population of patients with non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding. The PNED score is accurate and superior to the Rockall score. Further external validation at the international level is needed.

SUMMARYBackground: Prospective trials support the role of capsule enteroscopy as an improvement in diagnosing mucosal lesions in the small bowel. Aim: To determine the diagnostic yield and safety of capsule enteroscopy vs. alternative diagnostic modalities (such as push enteroscopy, small bowel followthrough or enteroclysis) in patients with small bowel diseases. Methods: A search for prospective studies comparing capsule enteroscopy vs. other diagnostic tests in adults was performed between 1966 and 2005. Selected articles were included in a meta-analysis. Three analyses were run separately, all included studies and studies having occult gastrointestinal bleeding or Crohn's disease as main outcome. Results: Seventeen studies (526 patients) met inclusion criteria. The rate difference (i.e. the absolute pooled