Analysing the transportation of goods as one of the constituent elements of the transport system, it can be argued that container transport today occupies a leading position in the delivery of goods throughout the world. According to statistics, the total volume of container traffic in the first two months of 2018 was approximately 26 million TEU (twenty-foot equivalent unit is a conventional unit of measure for the capacity of freight vehicles, namely, a 20-foot container), which is 6.7% more than the same index last year. Positive growth rates of container traffic indicate the relevance and scale of this type of transport. Also, thanks to the rapid development of intermodal and multimodal transportation, the volumes of cargo delivery in containers are increasing. Resulting from this, the container transport system, the main components of which are containers and container terminals, can be considered and analyzed as a technology for the conservation of resources.
International section of the High Technology Council of the People's Commissariat of Railway Transport (since 1918), is especially important to understand the processes of development of homeland hydrotechnical science and water transport. His scientific works are devoted to the construction of ports, bridges, and lighthouses, to improvement of the conditions of navigation on the large rivers of the country, to regulation of their beds with rapids. He was the first who pointed to the advantage of mechanical excavation in improving navigable conditions on large rivers. Since 1886, V .Ye. Timonov worked at the Office of Railway Transport, while at the same time taking up construction and administrative and teaching positions. V .Ye. Timonov carried out the first works on the laying of quay-piers from rock body in the Baltic Sea (1887), organized and conducted the first dredging work (1887), explored the mouths of the Dnipro, Don and Volga rivers (1890) and defined the branches of each river for the improvement of navigation, made a draft of the rapids' parts of the Dnipro and conducted research works on one of the thresholds (1894), researched the coasts of the Pacific ocean to select the location of the Pacific port of Siberian Railway and chose a place for this port (Vladyvostok), investigated the rivers of the Amur region and proposed measures to improve them (1895), etc. V .Ye. Timonov is the founder of the original direction in the construction industry, one of the founders of the doctrine of ports, the founder of the theory of the framework of hydraulic structures, the developer of the theory of port infrastructure,
The name of Vsevolod Timonov, an outstanding scientist-engineer, teacher, public figure, and popularizer of science, doctor of technical sciences, Honored worker of science and technology of the RSFSR, professor, is well known to a wide range of domestic and foreign scientists and technicians. Nowadays, the creative worky of the extraordinary personality of the scientist is particularly interesting to researchers for its inexhaustibility and versatility. In his activity, V. Ye. Timonov showed the features of a talented researcher, experimenter, organizer of science, an innovator in solving important theoretical and applied problems of hydraulic engineering. The article covers his early life and activities. This period of life of V. Ye. Timonov allows us to understand and reflect the conditions of the formation of the scientists’ worldview, the factors that influenced the formation of his creative personality, and to analyze the main directions of his activity. And let us note that his 60 years of scientific, pedagogical, and social activity is characterized by exceptional versatility and depth. The outstanding scientist boundlessly devoted to science until the last day, V. Ye. Timonov is the author of more than 700 scientific papers. Among his works are a number of textbooks, manuals, and monographs, which have received wide recognition of scientists of our country and foreign researchers. Several finely written books showcase his multifaceted talent as a memoirist. For more than 50 years V. Ye. Timonov was engaged in pedagogical work at high school. His lectures (at institutes, universities, and in the general public) have always been a huge success. He brought up a whole galaxy of scientists. Vsevolod Yevhenovych devoted a lot of effort and time to the promotion of science, active, purposeful struggle with anti-scientific concepts in hydrobiology, hydrography, hydraulic engineering. Timonov's scientific and organizational activity was also fruitful. A man of great and versatile culture, an eager admirer, and a deep connoisseur of poetry and literature, V. Ye. Timonov himself was a gifted promoter of scientific knowledge.
УДК 626/627.25.92 [Тімонов] Соловйова Любов Маратівна Державний університет інфраструктури та технологій вул. Кирилівська, буд. 9, м. Київ, Україна, 04071 e-mail: lubusik09@bigmir.net https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-6104 Громадська та науково-практична діяльність професора В.Є. Тімонова Анотація. У статті висвітлюється громадська, науков-організаційна та практична діяльність Всеволода Євгеновича Тімонова -відомого нженера шляхів сполучення, гідротехніка, залізничника та будівничого портів і водно-транспортних шляхів. Знання та досвід, набуті вітчизняними вченими у Сполучених Штатах на будівництві каналів та під час міжнародних форумів, пізніше успішно використовувалися ними у практичній діяльності в царській Росії. В.Є. Тімонов і В.Є. Лохвицький брали участь в реконструкції низки воднотранспортних шляхів країни безпосередньо здійсненням землечерпальних робіт. Досвід зарубіжних країн, і в першу чергу США, вплинув на погляди вітчизняних гідротехніків. Великі виправні роботи, наприклад, на річці Міссісіпі, дозволили збільшити її глибину. Ось чому В.Є. Тімонов, який був добре знайомий з подібним досвідом, став переконаним прибічником використання технології днопоглиблювальних робіт на суднохідних ріках і теоретично обгрунтував можливість і доцільність використання землечерпальних снарядів для забезпечення, необхідних судплавству, транзитних глибин. Таким чином, зарубіжний досвід був спрямований вітчизняними інженерами у практичне русло їхньої діяльності. Послужний список В.Є. Тімонова дуже вражає. Різноманітна діяльність вченого свідчить про визнання його авторитету в наукових і адміністративних колах Міністерства шляхів сполучення. Де б він не застосовував свої знання і кваліфікацію інженера, це були найбільш важливі ділянки державної політики в галузі водного транспорту та гідротехніки. В.Є. Тімонов -засновник оригінального напрямку в портобудівництві, один із основоположників вчення про порти, фундатор вчення про будову гідроспоруд, розробник вчення про портову інфраструктуру та покращення судноплавності великих рік, історик науки і техніки. Всеволод Євгенович займає одне з почесних місць у світовій гідротехнічній науці, водному та частково залізничному транспорті. Встановлені ним, на підставі своїх численних і оригінальних праць, а також праць його учнів, закономірності в проблемах, розроблюваних ним, зробили вагомий внесок в подальший розвиток гідротехнічної справи не тільки у нашій країні, але й у світі. У світлі своїх оригінальних переконань він піддав аналізові накопичений раніше науковий матеріал і показав його в новому і правильному висвітленні. Його праці, його ідеї, теорії і погляди розкрили перед гідротехніками небачені раніше широкі можливості.
The article investigates and analyzes methods for reducing the negative impact of rail transport on the environment. Various aspects of the impact of rail transport on the environment are considered. Methods for determining the content of organic matter, metabolic acidity, water-soluble salts, content of losses during calcination, pH, content of HCO3 , Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl- . The object of research is the impact of rail transport on the environment. The purpose of the work – research and analysis of methods to reduce the negative impact of rail transport on the environment. Among our researches it is important to determine the principles of selection of means of deep purification of oil-contaminated soils by railway transport enterprises, as well as to clarify the possibility of predicting the sorbing capacity of solids to oil and oil products and selection of adsorbents from natural and man-made raw materials. drains from railway transport enterprises. Research methods – analytical. Quality control over the state of the environment as well as the degree of its pollution is one of the priority areas of transport enterprises in order to reduce the negative impact on the environment. To this end, the authors of the article analyzed the extent and nature of pollution and possible methods for reducing it. The main directions of introduction of new measures and means for purification of components of natural environment from oil products and toxic compounds of metals at the enterprises of railway transport of Ukraine are offered. The results of research can be recommended for implementation in the management system of environmental management at the railway transport enterprises of Ukraine. KEY WORDS: RAILWAYS, TRANSPORT, POLLUTION, SOIL COVER, RAILWAY TRACKS, TRACTION ROLLING STOCK
A talented scientist, engineer, popularizer of scitech V.E. Timonov, that left after itself considerable scientific works and whole pleiad of students, presents considerable interest and for pedagogical science. However, in the center of study of life and activity of scientist a scientific inheritance appeared, first of all, in industry of the hydraulic engineering and water-carriage, and question of him professionally-pedagogical activity until now were not the article of the special consideration. As all prominent teachers, Vsevolod Evgenievich left after itself not only scientific and pedagogical works but also main - the students and followers. The last, as a rule, recreate for us різноплановий character of the spiritually enriched man that owns encyclopaedic knowledge. All of it by the best character befits for V.E. Timonov.
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