We studied a family in which two infants had died with massive venous thrombosis shortly after birth. Protein C antigen was undetectable by immunologic assays of plasma available from one infant. (Protein C is a potent naturally occurring anticoagulant that inactivates activated coagulation factors V and VIII). The parents, who were first cousins, both had partial protein C deficiency. Reduced protein C levels were also observed in 12 of 25 additional family members. None of the partially deficient family members (age range 4 to 70 years) had thrombotic episodes. Our data support the view that hereditary protein C deficiency is an autosomal disorder in which the homozygous state may be manifested by the virtual absence of plasma protein C and by fatal thrombosis in the neonatal period.
The most common reason for switching a formula was concern regarding common infantile symptoms or behavior patterns perceived by parents to be related to formula intolerance. The decision to switch formula was usually made by the parents without consulting a health professional.
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