Our findings revealed a novel role of largazole in the treatment of liver fibrosis. Through multiple mechanisms, largazole could be a potentially effective antifibrotic agent.

A new post-PCI CIN risk score model was developed based on a retrospective study of 805 patients. Application of this model might be helpful to predict CIN in patients undergoing PCI procedure.

Background: Few studies on the risk factors for postoperative continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in a homogeneous population of patients with acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD). This retrospective analysis aimed to investigate the risk factors for CRRT and in-hospital mortality in the patients undergoing AAAD surgery and to discuss the perioperative comorbidities and short-term outcomes.Methods: The study collected electronic medical records and laboratory data from 432 patients undergoing surgery for AAAD between March 2009 and June 2021. All the patients were divided into CRRT and non-CRRT groups; those in the CRRT group were divided into the survivor and non-survivor groups. The univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify the independent risk factors for CRRT and in-hospital mortality.Results: The proportion of requiring CRRT and in-hospital mortality in the patients with CRRT was 14.6 and 46.0%, respectively. Baseline serum creatinine (SCr) [odds ratio (OR), 1.006], cystatin C (OR, 1.438), lung infection (OR, 2.292), second thoracotomy (OR, 5.185), diabetes mellitus (OR, 6.868), AKI stage 2–3 (OR, 22.901) were the independent risk factors for receiving CRRT. In-hospital mortality in the CRRT group (46%) was 4.6 times higher than in the non-CRRT group (10%). In the non-survivor (n = 29) and survivor (n = 34) groups, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III-IV (OR, 10.272, P = 0.019), lactic acidosis (OR, 10.224, P = 0.019) were the independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients receiving CRRT.Conclusion: There was a high rate of CRRT requirement and high in-hospital mortality after AAAD surgery. The risk factors for CRRT and in-hospital mortality in the patients undergoing AAAD surgery were determined to help identify the high-risk patients and make appropriate clinical decisions. Further randomized controlled studies are urgently needed to establish the risk factors for CRRT and in-hospital mortality.

Objective To investigate whether recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) reduces mortality and protects against Staphylococcus aureus sepsis-induced acute lung injury. Methods The bacteria-positive rate of blood smears and bacteria colony counts in bacteria plate culture, TNFa and IL-10 plasma levels, lung injury score, expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) as well as activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-jB) in the lungs were determined 6, 12 and 24 h after 140 KM mice were injected with physiologic saline (i.p. group C, n = 20); S. aureus E311122 (1.75 9 10 12 cfu/L, 40 ml/kg, i.p. group S, n = 60); or S. aureus (as group S) with a subsequent treatment of rhGH (1.0 U kg -1 day -1 ), i.m. group T, n = 60). The cumulative survival rate of an additional 15 mice from each group was followed for 7 days post S. aureus injection. Results rhGH treatment significantly increased IL-10 plasma levels and the 7-day cumulative survival rate, whereas the bacteria-positive rate of blood smears, bacteria colony counts in bacteria plate cultures, lung injury score, ICAM-1 and NF-jB expression in the lungs were significantly reduced. In addition, rhGH treatment significantly suppressed the S. aureus sepsis-induced elevation of TNFa plasma levels.Conclusions These results indicate an ability of rhGH to prevent S. aureus sepsis-induced acute lung injury in mice, which may be attributed to attenuation of increased plasma TNFa levels, and elevated IL-10 plasma levels as well as reduced ICAM-1 expression and inhibited NF-jB activity in the lungs.

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