Attention to culture is vital for appropriate, safe, and responsive practice. The conceptual framework provides a tool to inform, guide, and evaluate practice understandings. It acknowledges the importance of the individual within their extended family, their natural environment, and the historical, social, and political realities of living as Māori. Further research should explore the use of the framework and interaction between occupational therapy practice and specific indigenous cultures.

Clinical care guidelines exist internationally recommending the appropriate standards of care for adults following brain injury. These guidelines recommend a care pathway including acute, inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation and communitybased care. However, if and how these guidelines are implemented is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the recollected continuum of care experienced by 202 adults with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Victoria, Australia. The experiences of participants in this study were investigated using a mixed methods research approach (surveys and in-depth interviews). The results indicated that only 20% of participants in this study recollected receiving care in line with recommendations made in clinical care guidelines. Reasons they identified for their problematic access to services included: a lack of information about the services available, the absence of an advocate and services being restricted by limited funding. The findings of this study indicate that while guidelines provide recommendations regarding standards of care and can serve as a benchmark to improve the quality of services, they do not ensure the equitable delivery of services. Clinicians using these guidelines need to be aware of the factors that restrict clients' access to services and take these into account when planning the delivery of services.

A major challenge to occupational therapists working in palliative care is determining the best ways to help family caregivers who are caring for family members. The purpose of this study was to explore palliative caregiver occupations among Māori, Chinese and Tongan ethnicities. Six informants participated, one woman and one man from each ethnic group. In each of their homes, informants were asked to discuss what it was like caring for their dying family member. The occupational themes resulting from these interviews were food preparation, spirituality and family gathering. Therapists need to be aware of the differences in how people care for family members within their ethnicity. Implications are that occupational therapists can help families identify activities important to them within the main occupational themes: different types of foods and their preparations, various ways to express spirituality and how families gather together members of their extended family. Further, clinicians need to take on the role of a "not-knowing" but curious health-care provider in order to meet the needs of caregivers. The limitation was the small number of participants who all lived in one geographic area. Future studies should include a wider group of ethnicities.

The café provided a myriad of opportunities for participation in relationships and the creation and maintenance of social networks. This participation reinforced a sense of self and of being ordinary.

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Purpose: Speech-language pathologists in Malaysia typically do not work within CBR. Therefore, exploring the use of services through a non-traditional student placement was a crucial first step in understanding how to develop capacity for such services. It was also important to develop an understanding of the ways in which the implementation of this student placement influenced learning in the context of a Malaysian CBR programme. Method: An action research study was designed to implement and evaluate student speech-language pathology (SLP) placement within a Malaysian community-based rehabilitation (CBR) centre for children with communication disabilities. Data collection involved the learning experiences of key adult stakeholders (students, workers, parents, and the principal research investigator (PI) or lead author). Results: Study findings indicated that all adult learners became better empowered by working together. Workers involved in impairment-focussed rehabilitation activities grew in understanding and skills when supported by relevant professionals.The importance of mentoring as a learning-teaching relationship was demonstrated. Conclusion: While the study has indicated that the setting is beneficial as a student placement, the development of a specialisation in CBR for allied health professionals would be a relevant way forward in the Malaysian context.

well outside the profession) were obvious to some, and yet not to others; whateverthe facts ofthe various agendas, the quality of the relationship between educators and practitioners was damaged. Trust, the acceptance of each other's expertise, and the affirming of diverse roles within the profession were threatened.