The aim of this research is to highlight didactical voices on inclusive ideals and special educational tools noted in the written reflections of 178 preschool teachers in 10 Swedish municipalities. The research questions are as follows: How do preschool teachers signify inclusive ideals in written reflections of teaching in language and communication in preschools? Which special educational tools emerge in the written reflections about teaching in language and communication in preschool, and how are these tools said to be used? The material was analysed with multi-voiced didactic modelling and didactical tact as a theoretical base. The results show that there are didactical voices on inclusion in the analysed material. The core foundation of the teaching appears to be built upon inclusive ideals where all children are involved, included and part of the group. Utterances of a more individual character are sparingly present. In our interpretation, the (special) educational tools that are brought to the fore are described and used in an inclusive way and are didactically modelled into more general, rather than specialised, tools.
This review aims to provide an overview of content in Nordic research between 2006-2014 in the field of special education in preschool. More specifically, this review identifies the similarities and variation in and between content in the research. A total of 31 studies were found to be relevant. A summative thematic content analysis was made. The review revealed five main content themes: 'special education and children in preschool'; 'inclusion and participation'; 'relationships, interaction, and cooperation'; 'special educators'; and 'special education documentation'. The themes give a better understanding of what content areas are focused on in the field of research. The result of the review points towards a shift in research. This from mainly have focused on individualbased interventions, to have a clearer direction to issues involving occupational groups responsibilities and opportunities in creating a preschool for all children, and concerns related to conditions for inclusion in spatial, social, and educational ways.
The article identifies and reviews current Nordic research on special education in preschool. The research question was: What characterises Nordic research on special education in preschool between the years 2006 and 2014? The analysis that was applied was configurational and the procedure included a content analysis. The results of the present review indicate that the included studies are characterised by intimacy and depth in relation to preschool practice, with predominantly qualitative data created through interviews and with a variety of theories. Teachers' voices dominate, while special educators, and parents' voices are heard to some degree. Children's voices are rarely heard and then only through video recordings in which the adult interprets the child. ARTICLE HISTORY
The aim of this research is to explore what may characterise teaching in language, communication and multilingualism in preschools, as expressed in writing by preschool teachers and managers in 10 Swedish municipalities in 2016. The data consists of written answers to an open-ended question in a reflective document. The reflective document was sent to 243 preschool teachers and managers, of whom 222 responded. A didactically oriented analysis was performed based on three levels: practice-related action level, theoretical level and meta-theoretical level. The results of the analysis are distributed in distinctive traces that more clearly refer to the practice-related action level than to the theoretical level or meta-theoretical level. Child-centred teaching, which may or may not be delimited, is characteristic of language, communication and multilingualism. Teaching is said to be constant: spontaneous but deliberate in all contexts and situations but also delivered through planned activities, projects and themes. Verbal communication is predominant in teaching. Vague and low-frequency traces of multivoiced teaching related to multilingualism and special support have emerged. The multivoiced teaching described mainly ends with general teaching of children in preschool – a multivoiced approach in general. Keywords: communication teaching, didactic analysis, language teaching, multilingualism teaching, Swedish preschool.
Studien tar utgångspunkt i 1600 berättelser som finns publicerade på förskole-upprorets hemsida www.forskoleeupproret.weebly.com under #pressat läge. Studiens syfte avgränsas till att identifiera och analysera förskolepersonals utsagor med fokus på de delar som rör barn som på olika vis konstrueras och kategoriseras som i behov av särskilt stöd inom diskursen om det pressade läget. Tre huvudfrågor ligger till grund för analysen: Vilka uttryck om barn som konstrueras som i behov av särskilt stöd blir framträdande inom diskursen om det pressade läget? Hur framställs och positioneras barn som subjekt i kategorin behov av särskilt stöd inom diskursen om det pressade läget? Hur framställs och positioneras förskolepersonal som subjekt i relation till de konstruktioner av barn i behov av särskilt stöd som blir framträdande inom diskursen om det pressade läget? Kvalitativ tematisk innehållsanalys med teoretiskt stöd av Butler och Foucault användes. Granskningen visar att uttryck relaterade till barn i behov av särskilt stöd som diskursiv kategori är återkommande. Bilden av framförallt två kategorier av barn i behov av särskilt stöd blir framträdande på ett mer frekvent vis, eller med Butlers (1993/2014, 2005) uttryck om upprepade talhandlingar som skapar en sorts sanningsanspråk (jfr Foucault, 1971/1993, 1980): barn som kräver (mer) resurser och barn som behöver punktmarkeras. Positioneringar av barnen görs, med effekter att barnen blir till resurs- och tidstjuvar, riskskapare, energi-släckare, glädjedödare och förskolepersonalen i sin tur de empatiska, otillräckliga, stressade, slutkörda, ledsna och sjuka subjekten.
We use didactic grounding to explore and develop knowledge regarding what might constitute a teaching preschool teacher. The research questions are 1) Which didactic components emerge in preschool teachers’ and managers’ written descriptions? and 2) How may these didactic components be interpreted and understood? In 2018, at the end of a 3-year-long project about teaching in preschool, we have analysed 160 written reflections by preschool teachers and managers from 10 Swedish municipalities through multi-vocal didactic modelling. Similar to previous research, this study indicates a linguistic shift as the preschool teachers and managers have embraced the concept of “teaching” and, with their written descriptions, fill the picture of a “teaching preschool teacher” with didactic content and meaning. The results highlight characteristic components that can be understood as preschool teachers’ didactic approaches, knowledge, and practice. These components include aspects such as awareness, presence, reflection, theoretical knowledge, goal-oriented planning, implementation, and follow-up.
Följande text är en essä byggd av delar av min och andras forskning och teoretiska tankegods, presenterad med en personlig touch. Texten är tänkt att utgöra en illustration med syftet att skapa en bild som kan få dröja sig kvar i tanken och väcka frågor och funderingar för den som är utbildningsvetenskapligt intresserad. Det är en illustration att stanna upp vid, att återkomma till, och med frågor som inte enkelt låter sig besvaras. Frågorna, menar jag, behöver ändå och kanske just därför ställas. Essän presenteras som ett "drama" (med inspiration utifrån Goffman, 1959) i tre akter där språket balanseras i en avvägning mellan det personliga, det populärvetenskapliga och det något mer stringent vetenskapliga och akademiska.
This paper identifies and analyzes what constitutes special education in the revised Swedish preschool curriculum. The paper also contributes with an analytical mode of understanding political, as well as other, documents, in, for example, an educational system. The analytical strategy is mainly built upon discourse theory and discourse analysis, using the ideas of Ernesto Lacalu, Chantal Mouffe and Michel Foucault. The results show a fortified hegemonic discourse about a preschool for all children, where child-centred and inclusive approaches are dominant and where special education, to a large extent, is constituted by more management, stimulation and special support. The paper raises questions about the possible effects the hegemonic discourse may contribute to.Nyckelord: diskurs, diskursanalys, diskursteori, läroplan, specialpedagogik, inkludering, pedagogik, styrdokument, svensk förskola för alla barn, utbildning
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