Kebutuhan akan varietas kentang untuk industri olahan keripik kentang terus meningkat, namun ketersediaan varietas yang menghasilkan umbi yang memenuhi kriteria untuk keripik kentang masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan karakterisasi kualitas umbi kentang dari beberapa genotipe unggul koleksi IPB yang sesuai bagi kebutuhan industri olahan keripik kentang. Karakter kualitas tersebut meliputi diameter umbi, berat jenis, bahan kering, dan organoleptik keripik. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari-Mei 2020 di Desa Margamulya, Kecamatan Cikajang, Kabupaten Garut. Sebanyak delapan genotipe yang terdiri atas PKHT-2019-010, PKHT-2019-011, PKHT-2019-012, PKHT-2019-013, PKHT-2019-014, PKHT-2019-015, PKHT-2019-016, PKHT-2019-017 dan dua varietas pembanding yaitu Medians dan Intan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak faktor tunggal yaitu genotipe dengan 4 ulangan. Penelitian dimulai dari persiapan lahan, penanaman, pemeliharaan, dan pemanenan, serta pengolahan keripik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe PKHT-2019-010, PKHT-2019-012, dan PKHT-2019-017 memiliki potensi sebagai genotipe yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai varietas kentang untuk bahan baku industri keripik kentang berdasarkan berat jenis, kandungan gula, bentuk, penampilan dan warna keripik yang baik. Genotipe PKHT-2019-015 memiliki produktivitas, bobot umbi dan diameter umbi yang sangat baik dan memenuhi kriteria industri, namun memiliki kadar gula yang tinggi sehingga lebih cocok dikembangkan sebagai kentang sayur. Namun demikian masih diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk meningkatkan bobot dan ukuran ketiga genotipe tersebut untuk mencapai standard industri. Kata kunci: genotipe, kerenyahan, produktivitas, kandungan gula
Abstract. Maharijaya A, Syukur M, Salma LN, Sanubary UL. 2021. Diversity and performance of eight new promising potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes in Garut District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2848-2858. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the main crops in the world. Potato consumption in Indonesia continues to increase, but the supply of potatoes cannot be fully met by domestic production. The low productivity of potatoes is due to the low quality. Efforts to increase potato production are by developing new varieties with higher yields. This study aimed to obtain information about the diversity and performance of eight IPB new potato genotypes in Garut District, West Java. The study used a randomized complete block design with a one-factor genotype and four replications. The characters observed included 46 characters consisting of 27 quantitative characters and 19 qualitative characters.The genotypes that was used as materials are PKHT-2019-010, PKHT-2019-011, PKHT-2019-012, PKHT-2019-013, PKHT-2019-014, PKHT-2019-015, PKHT-2019-016, PKHT-2019-017 and two varieties Medians and Intas as control. The result showed that the potato genotypes have a diversity of leaves, stems, flowers, and tubers. PKHT-2019-010, PKHT-2019-010, PKHT-2019-015, and PKHT-2019-017 have higher productivity than Medians and Intan as control. PKHT-2019-012 productivity was not significantly different from Intan as control. The genotypes that had a higher or were the same productivity as the control varieties might be the expected genotypes that can be developed as new varieties. The genotypes expected to be developed are PKHT-2019-015, PKHT-2019-010, PKHT-2019-017, and PKHT-2019-012
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