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We report a five-nations project in comparative child protection to provide recommendations on policy and practice to inform the redevelopment of the Swiss child protection system. The Swiss Federal Government and the Optimus and Oak Foundations commissioned the project-collective title: Association Programme National pour la Protection de l'Enfant. We identify the historical developmental trajectories of child protection systems together with common drivers: the evidential basis for the prevalence and effects of child abuse, the co-joining of social and economic policies and practices to promote early investment in children, the influence of children's rights and comparative international league tables on child well-being. We describe the cross-national project methodology and analysis of results. Three key indicators for the performance of national child protection systems are indicated: creating a culturally sensitive child protection governance framework, building a relational heart and using evidence to inform policy and practice. These encapsulate the recommendations made with respect to the Swiss child protection system. The results provide a prototype model with potential utility in similar

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In this paper, social workers' ideas of kinship care and non‐kinship care as foster placement alternatives for vulnerable children are analysed and discussed. The study is based on group interviews with Swedish social workers, using a discourse analytic approach. The interviews took two vignettes of children who needed an immediate and long‐term placement because one of the parents had killed the other parent, as their point of departure. Domestic violence is a common social problem across countries, and controversies about placement alternatives become even more apparent when discussing lethal violence. The analysis revealed three main discourses: ‘emotional kinship care’, ‘neutral non‐kinship care’ and ‘a real family’. The emotional kinship care discourse also revealed two competing sub‐discourses: ‘emotions as glue that binds’ and ‘emotions as obscuring a child perspective’, displaying a struggle concerning the advantages and risks that social workers connected to kinship care. In this paper, the results and their implications for vulnerable children are discussed.

Transcutaneous oxygen tension (pTcO2) varies with pAO2, circulatory parameters, skin metabolism and oxygen diffusion. The necessity to heat the skin beneath the electrode to allow transcutaneous oxygen diffusion limits the use of pTcO2 in the study of skin blood flow. The oxygen measured probably emanates from the capillaries of the superficial dermis. A large number of arteriovenous shunts in the skin may modify the pTcO2 response. The heat-dilated vessels beneath the electrode behave passively in most circumstances. Differences in local blood temperature with secondary shifts in the release of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin may affect pTcO2 at high and low flow rates respectively. pTcO2 may vary with the perfusion pressure and possibly also with the resistance of the blood vessels outside the area heated by the electrode, but only at low flow rates.

För att leva upp till kravet på en evidensbaserad praktik använder organisationer alltmer manualbaserade program. I den här artikeln analyseras och diskuteras sprid- ningen och återinbäddningen av ett sådant program ur ett organisationsteoretiskt perspektiv med fält, program och personal i fokus.

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