Application of ameliorant on peat soil has an important role on improving fertility status of peat soil via increasing soil pH, reducing organic acids and toxic ions, and also increasing nutrients availability. Soil amelioration with polyvalent cations (Fe, Al, Cu, and Zn) using slag, lateritic soils, and river mud are effective to reduce harmful effects of phenolic acids. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of soil amelioration on peat soil chemical properties and rice productivity (both biomass and yield). The study was consisted of two sets of experiments, namely soil incubation experiment conducted in the laboratory and a pot experiment conducted in the greenhouse. The experiment was designed in a complete randomized design (CRD) with 14 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that the application of slag and dolomite as ameliorant showed a significant effect on increasing pH, base saturation (BS), and the amount of exchangeable-Ca and -Mg. Moreover, slag application was better in improving chemical properties of peat soil as it increased pH, base saturation (BS), and nutrient content (Ca, silica, ash and Fe). Application of burnt trass + dolomite (TD) showed no significant effect on increasing silica content in the peat soil. The application of slag resulted in the highest dry weight of biomass and grains of rice plants. The application of slag on peat soil in general provides better effects on the soil chemical conditions compared to that of trass, dolomite or ameliorant combination [trass + dolomite (TD) with slag].Keywords: Ameliorant, organic acids, paddy, peat soil Amelioran berperan untuk memperbaiki kesuburan tanah gambut yaitu memperbaiki lingkungan akar bagi pertumbuhan tanaman melalui peningkatan pH, menurunkan asam-asam organik dan ion-ion toksik, dan meningkatkan ketersediaan hara. Amelioran yang mengandung kation polivalen (Fe, Al, Cu, dan Zn) seperti terak baja , tanah mineral laterit atau lumpur sungai sangat efektif mengurangi dampak buruk asam fenolat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari: 1) pengaruh aplikasi bahan amelioran dalam memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah gambut, 2) suhu pembakaran amelioran tras dan dolomit terhadap ketersediaan silika tanah gambut, 3) pengaruh aplikasi bahan amelioran terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi (berat kering biomas dan berat kering gabah) tanaman padi. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan, yaitu inkubasi sampel tanah dilakukan dilaboratorium dan percobaan rumah kaca dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 ulangan. Hasil penelitian yaitu 1) aplikasi amelioran slag dan dolomit berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan pH, kejenuhan basa (KB), dan kadar hara (Ca dan Mg), namun aplikasi slag lebih baik dalam memperbaiki kondisi kimia pada tanah gambut, selain meningkatkan pH, KB, kadar hara Ca, juga meningkatkan kadar silika, kadar abu dan Fe sebagai kation polivalen. 2) Pembakaran amelioran tras+dolomit (TD) tidak berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan ketersedian kadar silika pada tanah gambut. 3)Aplikasi amel...
The use of organic materials aimed at reducing the dependence on inputs such as chemical fertilizers can contribute to sustainability and improving the low N fertilizer efficiency of rice plants in paddy soils. Therefore, better understanding of N transformation in flooded soils, particularly the microbial transformation of N-organic amendments to plant-available N and gaseous N forms is needed for most efficient use of soil and organic materials N, for determining the potential of denitrification and for aiding in the selection of N management practices for sustainable agriculture. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory and glasshouse of Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. An incubation experiment was conducted in the laboratory at room temperature during 120 d to analyze the mineralization-immobilization patterns in flooded soils amended with rice straw, rice straw composts 4 mo and 8 mo and their combinations with urea. The first time of soil flooding, mineral N (N-NH4+ and N-NO3-) concentrations in all of the amended soils sharply decreased and those gradually increase since 7 d of incubation. It might be due to the reduction of N-NO3- to N2O and N2, and immobilization. This data was consistent with the data of N2O emission derived from pot experiment. The high emission of N2O was observed at the first time of soil flooding of the amended soils, and the soils added rice straw showed the largest N2O emission than the other treatments. It might be due to the change of soil condition from aerobic to anaerobic condition, and the higher decomposable C as energy source for denitrifyer contained in rice straw. Regardless the organic materials added to soils, the longer anaerobic condition, nitrification sharply decreased, so that nitrate availability limits denitrifications.decreased, so that nitrate availability limits denitrifications.
ABSTRAK Brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi, kaya nutrisi dan vitamin, serta mengandung senyawa glucoraphanin yang memiliki khasiat antikanker. Pengelolaan hara yang terintegrasi antara pupuk organik dan anorganik merupakan kebutuhan yang penting saat ini untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman brokoli dan untuk membudidayakan lahan sedemikian rupa sehingga produktivitas tanah tetap bisa berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari efektivitas pupuk organik dan anorganik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil brokoli serta untuk mendapatkan kombinasi pupuk organik dan anorganik terbaik dalam menghasilkan brokoli yang tinggi. Terdapat delapan perlakuan yang terdiri atas perlakuan pupuk organik dan anorganik dengan takaran berbeda yang diberikan secara tunggal atau kombinasi, dan kontrol (tanpa pemberian pupuk). Tanaman brokoli sebagai tanaman indikator diukur tinggi dan jumlah daun tanaman untuk variabel pertumbuhan tanaman dan bobot serta diameter brokoli untuk variabel hasil. Perlakuan pupuk organik dan anorganik nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dibandingkan kontrol, tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan perlakuan NPK standar. Perlakuan kombinasi pupuk organik dengan takaran setara 4 ton ha-1 dan 50% takaran pupuk NPK standar menunjukkan diameter dan hasil brokoli tertinggi. Perlakuan tunggal pupuk organik dengan takaran setara 4 ton ha-1 menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan hasil brokoli yang setara dengan perlakuan NPK standar. Kata kunci: efektivitas, pengelolaan hara, produktivitas, pupuk anorganik, pupuk organik ABSTRACT Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is one of exotic vegetables having a high value, highly nutritious, rich source of vitamins, and also it contains the glucoraphanin compound which have anticancerous properties. Integrated nutrient management between organic and inorganic fertilizers is an important demand of the present era to increase broccoli yield and to cultivate a land in such a way that the soil productivity should remain sustainable. This research was conducted to study the effectiveness of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of broccoli. There were eight treatments which consisted of organic and inorganic fertilizers with different applications, single or in combination, and control (without fertilizer). Plant of broccoli as an indicator plant was measured for its height and number of leaves for variables of plant growth parameter, and head weight and head diameter for variables of yield. Application of organic and/or inorganic fertilizers significantly increased the growth of broccoli plant compared with control, but they did not show a significant difference with standard NPK treatment. Combination of organic fertilizer at a rate of 4 tons ha-1 and 50% the standard NPK fertilizer showed the highest diameter and yield of broccoli head. The sole application of organic fertilizer at a rate of 4 tons/ha showed the similargrowth and yield of broccoli with standard NPK treatment.
Fertilization is one of the components of maintenance activities that cost relatively high and it has a considerable influence on the achievement of the oil palm productivity. The addition of one nutrient element through fertilization will shift the balance of nutrients in the soil. Therefore, fertilization activities should pay attention to nutrient balance aspect so that fertilizing will be more efficient and effective. The research aims were to determine of K, Ca, and Mg balance in the soil for oil palm. This study used exploration survey method by collecting data of soil analysis and oil palm productivity from several oil palm plantations that spread across several provinces in Indonesia. The results showed that with the assumption of upper boundary line of productivity of 25.96 ton FFB ha -1 year -1 the ranges of nutrients balance for Ca/K, Ca/Mg, and Mg/K were 5.6 -10.1 2.1 -2.5 and 2.1 -4.5 respectively. The values of saturation adequacy of K, Ca, Mg, respectively were 2.5%; 11.8% and 3.7%.
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