Effectiveness of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)

Abstract

ABSTRAK Brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi, kaya nutrisi dan vitamin, serta mengandung senyawa glucoraphanin yang memiliki khasiat antikanker. Pengelolaan hara yang terintegrasi antara pupuk organik dan anorganik merupakan kebutuhan yang penting saat ini untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman brokoli dan untuk membudidayakan lahan sedemikian rupa sehingga produktivitas tanah tetap bisa berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari efektivitas pupuk organik dan anorganik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil brokoli serta untuk mendapatkan kombinasi pupuk organik dan anorganik terbaik dalam menghasilkan brokoli yang tinggi. Terdapat delapan perlakuan yang terdiri atas perlakuan pupuk organik dan anorganik dengan takaran berbeda yang diberikan secara tunggal atau kombinasi, dan kontrol (tanpa pemberian pupuk). Tanaman brokoli sebagai tanaman indikator diukur tinggi dan jumlah daun tanaman untuk variabel pertumbuhan tanaman dan bobot serta diameter brokoli untuk variabel hasil. Perlakuan pupuk organik dan anorganik nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dibandingkan kontrol, tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan perlakuan NPK standar. Perlakuan kombinasi pupuk organik dengan takaran setara 4 ton ha-1 dan 50% takaran pupuk NPK standar menunjukkan diameter dan hasil brokoli tertinggi. Perlakuan tunggal pupuk organik dengan takaran setara 4 ton ha-1 menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan hasil brokoli yang setara dengan perlakuan NPK standar. Kata kunci: efektivitas, pengelolaan hara, produktivitas, pupuk anorganik, pupuk organik ABSTRACT Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is one of exotic vegetables having a high value, highly nutritious, rich source of vitamins, and also it contains the glucoraphanin compound which have anticancerous properties. Integrated nutrient management between organic and inorganic fertilizers is an important demand of the present era to increase broccoli yield and to cultivate a land in such a way that the soil productivity should remain sustainable. This research was conducted to study the effectiveness of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of broccoli. There were eight treatments which consisted of organic and inorganic fertilizers with different applications, single or in combination, and control (without fertilizer). Plant of broccoli as an indicator plant was measured for its height and number of leaves for variables of plant growth parameter, and head weight and head diameter for variables of yield. Application of organic and/or inorganic fertilizers significantly increased the growth of broccoli plant compared with control, but they did not show a significant difference with standard NPK treatment. Combination of organic fertilizer at a rate of 4 tons ha-1 and 50% the standard NPK fertilizer showed the highest diameter and yield of broccoli head. The sole application of organic fertilizer at a rate of 4 tons/ha showed the similargrowth and yield of broccoli with standard NPK treatment.

The Effectiveness of Oil Palm Empty Bunch Compost and Goat Manure on Shallots Cultivated on Red Yellow Podzolic Soil

“…The Relative Agronomic Effectiveness (RAE) value effectively measures a fertilization treatment application compared to the fertilization standard measure (Indriyati, 2018). The results show that the effectiveness of organic fertilization increases when the fertilizer dosage is also increased.…”

“…The improvement of soil fertility causes improvements in crop growth processes, where root growth takes place optimally to facilitate the absorption of nutrients from the soil. Adequate absorption of nutrients will ultimately increase crop yields (Indriyati, 2018).…”