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<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objectives of this research were to evaluate and compare the antioxidant activity; phenolics and flavonoids contents; and chemical composition of some galactopoietic herbs used in Indonesia and to find a possible relationship between antioxidant activity; phenolics, flavonoids and chemical composition of these plants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A wide range of analytical parameters was studied, including yield; pH; water activity (a_w); total color difference; phenolics and flavonoids content; moisture; ash; protein; fat; carbohydrate; fiber; calcium; zinc; magnesium; potassium; iron content; and the data were analyzed by partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the correlation between the parameters and classification of the plants. Folin–cioceltaeu assay, aluminum chloride assay and DPPH scavenging assay were used to evaluate of total phenolics content and free radical scavenging activity of the ethanolic extract of galactopoietic herbs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the galactagogue herbs, <em>viz</em>. <em>Plectranthus amboinicus </em>(Lour.) (PA), <em>Sauropus androgynus</em> (SA), <em>Moringa oleifera</em> (MO), and <em>Carica papaya</em> leaves (CP) exhibited good results of TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity. MO contained the highest average of total phenolics content (53.89 mg GAE/g). SA with a ratio of total flavonoids to total phenolics (TF/TP) which is 1.59 contained the highest average of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity (IC₅₀), 43.63 mg QE/g and 126.13 μg/ml, respectively, followed by MO&gt;CA&gt;PA. Based on PLS and PCA analysis, antioxidant activity correlated with fat, protein, phenolics content, flavonoids content and pH, but only the total flavonoids content correlated strongly with antioxidant activity.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This provides useful data about the studied relationships and chemical patterns in some galactopoietic herbs used and provides a helpful tool for understanding much more about the interpretation of results from the experiments and the mechanism of biosynthesis in plants.</p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 5.65pt 6pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1cm;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">Recently, many foods were identified contain high antioxidant substances such as tomatoes and rice bran. The </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">objectives</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> of this research </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">were</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> to observe their total antioxidant activity values and the effect of intervention of high-antioxidant beverages (tomato juice and rice bran beverage) to total antioxidant activity on breast cyst women patient’s blood serum. Subject consumed each of the beverages for 14 days. Blood samples were taken before the intervention, at the end of tomato juice intervention period and at the end of rice bran bevera</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">g</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">e intervention period. Total antioxidant activity on serum was determined by DPPH method. The ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (AEAC) of rice bran greater than tomato juice is 28.74 mg/100g and 1.87 mg/100g respectively. The total antioxidant activity on serum was decreasing after tomato juice intervention (p&gt;0.05) but the decreasing of it was significantly shown after rice bran intervention (p&lt;0.05)</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">.</span></p>

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 13.05pt 6pt 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The aims of this research were to study perception, consumption and preferences of energy drink and also to analyze relationship between content of energy and caffeine in energy drink. This research used cross sectional study design and conducted in Solo (Terminal Tirtonadi, Terminal Kartasuro and Palur). The respondent (36 persons) was chosen by convenience sampling. Method used to analyze energy content was bomb calorimeter, while caffeine obstetrical analysis used spectrophotometer. The respondent consumed Extra Joss (44.4%), Hemaviton Jreng (19.4%), Kuku Bima Energy (13.9%), Kratingdaeng (8.3%), M-150 (5.6%), Hemaviton Energy drink (5.6%) and the rest Fit Up tablet. Reason of consumption is for stamina. The most important attributes selected by respondent were energy adding and activity supporter benefits. Time of working with consumptions (frequency and sum of consumptions) have significant relationship (p&lt;0.05). Energy content (Kal/g) of Extra Joss was 4 278, Hemaviton Jreng 2 599, and Kuku Bima Energy 2 720, then caffeine content (mg/kg) of samples was 8 778, 7 688 dan 9 252, respectively.</span></p>

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari potensi fraksi etil asetat daun torbangun dalam meningkatkan produksi susu, bobot badan induk dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan anak tikus. Aktivitas galaktagogum dievaluasi dengan menghitung jumlah produksi susu dari induk tikus laktasi yang diberikan fraksi etil asetat dari daun torbangun (FEA), dan pelancar ASI komersil dari ekstrak daun katuk (AF). Setiap kelompok tikus laktasi (n=5), galur Sprague dawley dengan enam ekor anak tikus, diberikan fraksi etil asetat dari daun torbangun (FEA) dosis 30 mg/kg BB, dibandingkan terhadap kontrol dan tikus laktasi yang diberikan pelancar ASI komersil dosis 50 mg/kg BB. Tikus laktasi diintervensi setiap dua hari sekali, dimulai hari ke-2 sampai hari ke-14 masa menyusui. Penampilan produksi susu selama perlakuan dihitung dengan metode sebelum dan sesudah menyusui. Pertumbuhan anak tikus diukur dengan pertambahan bobot badan (PBB) selama periode perlakuan. Kelompok tikus perlakuan fraksi etil asetat dari daun torbangun memproduksi susu lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok AF dan kelompok kontrol, sedangkan pemberian FEA tidak mempengaruhi bobot badan induk tikus. FEA dapat meningkatkan produksi susu sebesar 17% dan AF sebesar 22% dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Rataan produksi susu yang dihasilkan oleh tikus selama periode menyusui untuk FEA (7,12±1,16 g/anak/ hari), AF (7,43±1,04 g/anak/hari) dan kontrol (6,07±0,85 g/anak/hari). Pemberian FEA menunjukkan peningkatan pertumbuhan anak tikus secara bertahap dan pertambahan bobot badan secara signifikan di usia anak tikus hari ke 2-14 masa menyusui dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan fraksi etil asetat memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan produksi susu tanpa mempengaruhi bobot induk tikus laktasi dan dapat meningkatkan penampilan pertumbuhan anak tikus.Kata kunci: bobot badan, daun torbangun, fraksinasi, laktasi, tikus * Korespondensi: Telp:+62 8128159047, Surel: damanik@ipb.ac.id