AbstrakHiperlipidemia merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit jantung koroner yang ditandai dengan adanya penumpukan lemak yang disebabkan oleh kadar trigliserida tinggi. Hiperlipidemia dapat mengakibatkan perlemakan hati (fatty-liver) sehingga hepatosit mengalami kerusakan dan peningkatan aktivitas enzim trans-aminase. Hati memiliki peran penting untuk metabolisme lipid karena lipid diangkut di dalam darah sebagai lipoprotein yang dibentuk di dalam hati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh ekstrak biji ketumbar terhadap kadar trigliserida serum darah dan gambaran histologi hati tikus putih yang diinduksi pakan tinggi lemak. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen, sampel sebanyak 24 ekor tikus putih galur Wistar dikelompokkan kedalam 6 kelompok, yaitu: K1 (tikus diberi pakan normal dan diberi akuades), K2 (tikus hanya diberi pakan tinggi lemak), K3 (tikus diberi pakan tinggi lemak dan simvastatin dosis 0,18 mg/kg BB/hari), K4, K5, dan K6 (tikus diberi pakan diet tinggi lemak dan diberikan ekstrak biji ketumbar dengan dosis masing-masing 5,4 mg/kg BB/hari, 10,8 mg/kg BB/hari, dan 21,6 mg/kg BB/hari). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar trigliserida serum darah tikus sebelum dan setelah diberikan ekstrak biji ketumbar. Pada gambaran histologi K1, K3, K4, K5, dan K6 didapatkan gambaran histologi hati yang normal, sedangkan pada K2 ditemukan sel kariolisis (nekrosis). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak biji ketumbar berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar trigliserida serum darah tikus dan adanya perubahan histologi hati pada kelompok tikus yang diberikan ekstrak biji ketumbar dengan kelompok yang tidak diterapi.Kata kunci: biji ketumbar, trigliserida, histologi, hati, hiperlipidemia.AbstractHyperlipidemia is one of the causes of coronary heart disease marked by the accumulation of fat caused by high triglyceride levels. Hyperlipidemia can cause fatty liver so that hepatocytes experience damage and increase the activity of the transaminase enzyme. The liver has an important role in lipid metabolism because lipids are transported in the blood as lipoproteins formed in the liver. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of coriander seed extract on blood serum triglyceride levels and the histological picture of white rat liver induced by high-fat feed. The study used an experimental method in which a sample of 24 white rats were grouped into 6 groups, K1 (rats were given normal feed and given aqua dest), K2 (rats were only given high-fat feed), K3 (rats were given high-fat feed and simvastatin dose 0. 18 mg/kg/day), while K4, K5, and K6 (rats were fed a diet high in fat and given coriander seed extract at a dose of 5.4 mg/kg/day, 10.8 mg/kg/day, and 21.6 mg/kg/day respectively). The results showed a decrease in rat serum triglyceride level before and after coriander seed extract was given. In the histological features of K1, K3, K4, K5, and K6, a normal histological picture of the liver was found, while karyolysis cells (necrosis) were observed in K2 group. Based on the results of the study, the coriander seed extract might affect the reduction in rat serum triglyceride level as well as the histological changes of liver in rats treated with coriander seed extract as compared to the untreated group.Keywords: coriander seed, triglyceride, histology, liver, hyperlipidemia
Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, pure alcohol, and alcohol, is a toxic, volatile, flammable, and colourless liquid. Alcohol is the most commonly consumed alcoholic beverage in everyday life. EtOH is a common abbreviation for ethanol, where "Et" stands for the ethyl group (C2H5). Sugar fermentation to ethanol is one of the earliest organic reactions ever performed by humans; ethanol consumption has also been known for a very long time. This study aims to determine the histology of the liver in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) by orally administering ethanol at a concentration of 50 percent. The method used in this study was an experimental study by looking at the histology of rat liver. Rats were divided into two groups, with seven rats each. Group 1 was given 50% ethanol orally for seven days, and group 2, as a control, was only given orally with distilled water. After seven days, the rats were slaughtered, and their livers were extracted for further histological preparations. In the histology results of group 1, the histological images of the livers of the rats P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 and P7 were abnormal or damaged. In the presence of necrotic cells, oral administration of 50 percent alcohol causes damage to hepatocyte cells, as determined by the study's findings. However, in general, hepatocyte cell damage in the liver produces a score of 1.7, which indicates a change leading to cell damage.
Latar Belakang. Prevalensi jumlah penderita jantung koroner yang dipicu oleh aterosklerosissemakin meningkat seiring dengan terus bertambahnya orang yang beresiko terkena penyakittersebut. Salah satunya disebabkan oleh kondisi hiperlipidemia. Hiperlipidemia merupakan suatukondisi dimana terdapat gangguan metabolisme lipid yang melibatkan peningkatan konsentrasilipoprotein plasma. Kondisi hiperlipidemia menyebabkan peningkatan konsentrasi lipid darahditandai dengan peningkatan kolesterol total, trigliserida, LDL dan penurunan HDL. Peningkatankonsentrasi LDL bersama dengan stress oksidatif menjadi pemicu utama terjadinyaaterosklerosis. Tujuan. untuk mengevaluasi pemberian sediaan ekstrak etanol seledri (Apiumgraveolens) terhadap tikus (Rattus norvegicus) galur wistar yang diinduksi hiperlipidemia.Metode. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus jantan dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kelompok pelakuan, yaitu:kelompok I sebagai kontrol negatif hanya diberi pakan pellet dan akuades secara gavage,kelompok II sebagai kelompok hiperlipidemia diinduksi hiperlipidemia (pakan tinggi lemak +kristal kolesterol+ PTU), kelompok III sebagai kelompok kontrol positif diinduksi hiperlipidemia(pakan tinggi lemak + kristal kolesterol + PTU) dan diberi obat simvastatin dengan dosis 0.9 mg/kg BB. Kelompok IV dan V diinduksi hiperlipidemia (pakan tinggi lemak + kristal kolesterol +PTU), dan diberikan ekstrak seledri dengan dosis masing-masing 125 mg/kg BB tikus dan 250mg/kg BB tikus. Perlakuan diberikan secara oral gavage selama 4 minggu untuk induksihiperlipidemia dan 4 minggu untuk pemberian simvastatin dan ekstrak seledri. Hasil. Hasilanalisis data menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol seledri dosis 125 mg/ kg BB dan dosis 250mg/kg BB efektif menurunkan kolesterol total serta efektif meningkatkan kadar HDL sehinggadapat menurunkan IA hewan uji yang diinduksi. Simpulan. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperolehdapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak seledri dapat menurunkan resiko aterosklerosis padatikus hiperlipidemia dengan memperbaiki profil lipid darah dan menurunkan status stressoksidatif.
Alcohol affects the metabolism of triglycerides. Excessive intake of fat, carbohydrates, and protein can increase triglyceride levels. In addition to fat and carbohydrates, factors that can affect triglyceride levels are age, lifestyle, smoking, alcohol intake, hypertension, and liver disease. Triglyceride levels (> 200 mg/dL) raise the risk of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of triglycerides of Wistar rats before and after induction of ethanol 50% and garlic extract therapy. The method was experimental, with a sample of 25 Wistar rats which were divided into 5 groups. G1, rats were given 50% ethanol from day 9-14, G2, rats were only given distilled water, G3, G4, and G5 treatment groups at doses I, II, and III, after ethanol administration 50% on the 9th – 14th day followed by the administration of garlic extract at a dose of 200 mg/gr BW, 400mg/gr BW and 600 mg/ gr BW, respectively. Rat blood was taken on the 8th day before administration of ethanol and garlic extract and taken again on the 15th day after administration of ethanol and garlic extract, then triglycerides were measured using a photometer. The results showed that there were significant differences in triglyceride levels in G1 with G2, G3, G4, and G5. Triglyceride levels in rats before treatment and after administration of 50% ethanol and garlic extract 200 mg/gramBW increased but were still within normal limits.
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the pathogenic Trichomonas vaginalis protozoa parasite found in the female genitourinary tract and can cause vaginal discharge, in severe conditions, vaginal inflammation will occur. Trichomoniasis has a high risk of infecting groups that often have multiple partners, such as Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs). This study aims to determine the presence or absence of Trichomonas vaginalis parasites in the urine sample of Commercial Sex Workers who conduct examinations at the Mawar Clinic PKBI Bandung. The research method used is observation. The sample is the urine of a prostitute who performs an examination at the Mawar Clinic PKBI Bandung, Indonesia. The examination was carried out in two ways, namely the wet method and the Giemsa staining method, which was carried out in the Rajawali Bandung Institute of Health laboratory. The results showed that out of 30 samples, 11 urine samples of CSW were infected with Trichomonas vaginalis,. The conclusion of this study is that Trichomonas vaginalis parasites were found in urine samples of prostitutes who were examined at the Mawar Clinic PKBI Bandung.
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