RFA is an option for treatment, with minimal invasiveness and a low complication rate, and it is effective primarily in cases with benign nodules and nodular goiter. In cases with good compliance, the likelihood of success is greater. General anesthesia can be a good option for anxious cases to gather better results.
Wide range of cutaneous side effects are being reported with different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines including early-onset or delayedtype local injection reactions, maculopapular rash, erythema multiforme, pernio, and urticaria. 1 Exacerbation of chronic inflammatory skin disorders such as psoriasis has also been described recently. 2 Herein, we present two cases of plaque psoriasis that exacerbated after inactivated and mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
Using the RTOG scoring system, we revealed that the application of a boron-based gel diminished RISR. The mechanism of action is unclear but may be related to antioxidant, wound healing, and thermal degradation effects of boron.
Nicolau syndrome, also known as embolia cutis medicamentosa, is a rare complication of injectable drugs. Patients present with pain at injection site, followed by swelling, erythema, purple, hemorrhagic patches and lastly ulcer formation. A variety of intramuscular agents have been implicated as responsible. We report a case of a 26-year-old woman with a history of a purple lesion on her thigh who was diagnosed with Nicolau syndrome due to subcutaneous administration of glatiramer acetate. The patient was followed up with topical mupirocin. On follow-up, although the patient stated that she continued using glatiramer acetate, no new lesions appeared and the existing lesion continued to shrink. Nicolau syndrome seems to have an unpredictable and unavoidable course. This case suggests that physicians should have a high index of suspicion for the presence of Nicolau syndrome in patients presenting with necrotic or ulcerative lesions with a history of using injectable drugs.
The usage of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy and elastography to treat thyroid nodules has been increasing recently. Elastography specifically measures the stiffness of tissue using ultra-sonography (US). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between the elastography values of thyroid nodules and the efficacy of RFA therapy. Ultrasonography was performed on 49 patients who had a thyroid nodule with a diameter of 1 cm or greater before RFA therapy. The RFA was performed under local anesthesia, and elastography was used to measure the stiffness of the normal thyroid tissue, sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and thyroid nodules three months after RFA. The nodule diameter significantly decreased three months after RFA (P < 0.05). According to a cross-evaluation of the mean elastography rates, the thyroid/SCM and nodule/thyroid elastography rates had an inverse relationship (P: 0.009). However, the thyroid/ SCM elastography rates and nodule/SCM elastography rates (P: 0.022) and the thyroid/SCM elastography rates and the rates of reduction (%) of the nodule diameter before and three months after RFA (P: 0.016) had positive relationships. In conclusion, RFA therapy is more effective in patients with thyroid nodules if there are high thyroid tissue/SCM rates in elastography.
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