Given the widespread use of dietary supplements (DS) and herbal products (HP), healthcare professionals (HCPs) will increasingly encounter patients who use these preparations with conventional drugs and who need their services to reduce the consequences of adverse therapeutic outcomes. The aim of our survey was to assess the knowledge and behaviors of HCPs regarding the risk of potential drug–dietary supplement (DDSIs) and drug–herbal product (DHPIs) interactions. This cross-sectional survey collected data via on paper-based questionnaire among general practitioners (GPs) (n = 105), specialty doctors (n = 87) and nurses (n = 154). The HCPs were mostly familiar with the interaction of doxycycline with magnesium (83%) and were least familiar with interaction of warfarin with glucosamine (14%). The results on DDSIs and DHPIs knowledge showed that GPs scored significantly higher than nurses (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively), while specialty doctors scored significantly higher than nurses only on DDSIs knowledge (p < 0.001). Only 28% of respondents reported that they often or always ask patients on drug therapy about the use of DS or HP, and 25% of respondents record such data in the medical documentation of patients. Our results showed that HCPs have sufficient knowledge about most major DDSIs and DHPIs, but insufficient knowledge about most moderate interactions. However, their overall knowledge and behavior regarding the risk of these interactions indicate the need for further continuing education and training.
Background/Aim. Neuroendocrine (NE) cells are one of the epithelial populations in the prostate. It is well-known that the focal neuroendocrine differentiation (FNED) in prostate cancer (PC) is an aggressive subtype that most commonly evolves from preexisting PC which does not respond to hormone therapy (androgen independed PC). The incidence and clinical importance of FNED in PC is not clearly understood because of conflicting results in the studies, and evaluation of FNED is not routinely performed in clinical practice. The aim of the present study is to determine the importance of FNED presence in the examined prostate changes with special reference to the relationship of FNED degree in PC with some parameters of predictive value [Gleason score, preoperative serum total prostata specific antigen (PSA) value, tumor volume and tumor stage]. Methods. The study included the biopsy material from 100 untreated consecutive prostate pathological changes: 70 PC, 20 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and 10 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The patients with PIN and BPH were the control groups. A block containing part of
Karcinom grlića materice je ozbiljan javno zdravstveni problem kako u svetu tako i kod nas. Kontrola karcinoma grlića materice pored prevencije podrazumeva ranu dijagnostiku i lečenje, ali i preciznu registraciju i praćenje obolelih žena. Da bi bila obezbeđena dobra kontrola bolesti, svi ovi delovi sistema moraju funkcionisati paralelno. Cilj rada je sagledavanje osnovnih deskriptivno-epidemioloških karakteristika obolelih i umrlih žena od raka grlića materice u svetu, Evropi i Srbiji. Poseban osvrt i detaljan epidemiološki prikaz usmeren je na područje centralne Srbije za period od 1999. do 2011. godine. U radu je primenjen deskriptivno-epidemiološki metod. Kao izvor podataka korišćeni su podaci Globocan-a (softver za procenu opterećenja bolesti populacije, pokrenut od strane WHO), kao i podaci Registra za rak centralne Srbije za analizirani period. U svetu, broj novoobolelih slučajeva za 2012. g. je 527624 (standardizovana stopa incidencije je 14,0 na 100000 žena). U pogledu mortaliteta, za dotičnu godinu broj umrlih žena je 265653 (standardizovana stopa mortaliteta je 6,8 na 100000 žena). Od karcinoma grlića materice na svaka 2 minuta u svetu umre jedna žena (720 dnevno).
Stopa incidence cervikalnog karcinoma u Srbiji je među najvišima u Evropi i iznosi 23,8 na 100000. Papanicolau test, dopunjen kolposkopijom i histologijom, osnovna je metoda sekundarne prevencije cervikalnog karcinoma. Cilj rada je bio ispitati histološko-citološku korelaciju i pouzdanost Papanicolau testa u detekciji cervikalnih lezija. Analizirani su cervikalni razmazi (Papanicolau test) kod 3868 žena. Suspektne nalaze imalo je 190 žena i kod njih je urađena cervikalna biopsija. Kod 77 žena detektovane su premaligne ili maligne promene na cerviksu. LSIL (CIN1) je imalo 43(22,6%), HSIL(CIN2/3) 25(13,2%), a planocelularni karcinom 9 (4,7%) žena. Između histološkog i citološkog nalaza ispitanica postoji statistički značajna pozitivna povezanost (Spearman r=0,829, p<0,001). Najviše ocene dijagnostičkih performansi Papanicolau testa u diskriminaciji LSIL-a(CIN1), HSIL-a(CIN2/3) i planocelularnog karcinoma od cervicitisa su za citološki nalaz ASCH (PA IIIa) (Sp=90,6%, a Sn=100% za Ca planocellulare, Sn=96% za HSIL i Sn=86% za LSIL). U diskriminaciji HSIL-a od LSIL-a najbolja diskriminativnost postiže se za nalaz LSIL (PAIIIb) Papanicolau testa (Sn=72,0%, Sp=67,4%), a u diskriminaciji Ca planocellulare od LSIL najbolja diskriminativnost postiže se za nalaz HSIL (PA IIIb/IV) Papanicolau testa (Sn=77.8%, Sp=97.7%). Na osnovu naših rezultata možemo zaključiti da postoji pozitivna histološko-citološka korelacija nalaza i da je Papanicolau test pouzdaniji u detekciji težih premalignih promena. Citološke dijagnoze ASCH (PAIIIa) i LSIL (PAIIIb) mogu pouzdano ukazati na postojanje premalignih cervikalnih lezija kod žena, pa pacijentkinje sa tim nalazima treba češće kontrolisati i lečiti.
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