Vol. 69 2. Fluorene has similarly been converted to fluorene-9-carboxylic acid.3. The potassium salt of ¿-butyl diphenylacetate, prepared by means of potassium amide, has been benzoylated and acetylated and the resulting /3-keto esters cleaved to a, a-diphenylaceto-phenone and a, -diphenylacetone, respectively.4. Ethyl a, a-diphenylbenzoylacetate, prepared by benzoylating the potassium salt of ethyl diphenylacetate, is stable toward ketonic cleavage. Durham, N. C.

Since the rat plays an important role in experimental liver studies, knowledge concerning the organization of its liver would be invaluable. Especially necessary is a better understanding of the ramification of the intrahepatic portal vein a d of its inter'digitation with the hepatic veins. It would also be of great advantage to homologize the lobes of the liver of the rat with the corresponding parts of the human liver. This can only be effected on the basis of the identification of rami venae portae.To homologize the lobes of the liver of various mammals, including man, among each other is a difficult task if only the external shape of the liver is considered. In 1872, Flower devised an ingenious diagram for the classification of mammalian liver lobes which has served as the basis of nomenclature for textbooks of animal anatomy. In this diagram, the umbilical vein and its topographical successor, the ligamentum teres, divide the liver into right and left "segments," not lobes. According to Flower, the liver consists of three major lobes : left lateral, central (divided into left and right central) and right lateral lobes. Study of the portal vein branches reveals that his designated left central lobe is the territory of the ramus caudalis lobi sinistri venae portae. In man and the rat, this

Rats with Walker tumor injected intramuscularly in both hind legs and subjected to forced swimming for 15 min daily for 10 days displayed a trend toward decreased lesion size, especially in older intact animals as compared to unexercised intact or bilaterally adrenalectomized controls. Secondary tumor nodules occurred at the lower abdominal or inguinal areas and appeared to be more extensive in the older exercised rats. The survival rates offorced exercised rats bearing Walker tumor cortically did not differ significantly from the respective controls as was also the case with adult BDF₁ mice with intraperitoneal or cortical L1210 tumor and subjected daily to electroshock at 0.25 mA for 15 min.

Dogfish and cod liver oils and the oil from the whole herring were saponified and the hydrocarbons concentrated by chromatography of the unsaponifiable portion over alumina followed by silica gel treatment of the resulting fractions. Temperature programmed gas chromatography employing a 3% SE‐30 packing was applied to the analysis of hydrocarbons of C14 to C32.5. The paraffins comprised two or more groups. Dogfish liver oil gave rise to 7.62% unsaponifiables and pristane, other saturated types, squalene and an additional group, high in unsaturated components, were 193, 325, 308 and 200 mg% in this portion or 15.7, 24.8, 23.5 and 15.3 mg%, respectively, in the oil. Cod liver oil yielded 1.0% unsaponifiables of which the above hydrocarbons in the order stated amounted to 0.30%, 1.15%, 3.29% and 2.27% or 3.0, 11.5, 32.9 and 22.7 mg% in the liver oil. The unsaponifiable material of herring oil (1.35%) was prominent in paraffinic hydrocarbons, the levels of the above specified components being 16.34%, 3.51%, 0.99% and 1.41% as stated or 221, 47.4, 13.4 and 19.1 mg% in the oil. The sterol and alcoholic contents were ascertained for the three marine oils and the glyceryl ether levels found to be highest for dogfish liver oil.

The effects of tumor cells implanted into the brain of animals on survival rates and gross and microscopic brain changes have been ascertained. Walker carcinosarcoma 256 cell suspensions were injected at several brain sites in rats and leukemia L1210 and P388 and Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, intracerebrally into BDF₁ mice. Such neoplasms provided for rapid and rather predictable growth increments. The survival rates were dependent on the number of cells introduced, those receiving the higher counts succumbing first. The brains of the animals revealed fairly discrete space-occupying lesions and neurological symptoms became apparent only hours before death due to intracranial pressure.