The use of media in early childhood education has found barriers, especially regarding teaching practice. This article aims to reflect on the challenges of teaching practice regarding the use of media in Early Childhood Education; also reflect on the concepts of competence and skill contextualizing with the documents that guide Early Childhood Education and some authors who discuss this subject. For this, qualitative research of bibliographic nature was carried out. Data analysis occurred through the interpretation of theoretical documents and texts, which pointed to the polyvalence of the concepts of competence and skills, which became popular with the implementation of the BNCC. The results of the research made it possible to show that the child should be protagonist in their interaction with the media world, thus, the school must ensure it’s social, cultural, digital and with its peers, overcoming traditionalism and the role centered on the teacher. They also showed that there is a paradox caused by the different positions of educators regarding the use of media in Early Childhood Education.
OBJECTIVE: Ancestry Indicative Markers are used to define the allelic frequency of genes from different ethnic groups in populations of certain localities of interest, for analysis of population ancestry and estimation of ethnic mixture. This work aimed to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of the ancestry Indicative Markers SB-19.3, APO, AT3 / ID and PV-92 and to determine the existence of polymorphisms for these markers in the state of Mato Grosso. METHOD:The study aimed to estimate allelic and genotype frequencies, adherence to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and genetic differentiation in the sample of 238 controls formed by HIV free individuals residing in twenty-six different municipalities in the state, collected at the Júlio Muller University Hospital and in a sample of 516 HIV-positive patients also residing in the state. RESULTS:The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test revealed an imbalance between the observed and expected proportions of Sb19.3 and APO loci in the control population. Applying the genetic differentiation test, control populations and HIV-positive patients differed for the four loci analyzed. CONCLUSION: The population of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil proved to be very heterogeneous, confirming hypotheses about its history of colonization. Control populations and HIV-positive patients differed for the four loci analyzed.
Research related to the genome project, cloning and genetically modified organisms are present inside and outside the school. Such subjects deserve attention in the teaching of genetics due to the difficulties presented by the students, regarding the learning of genetics in this subject, due to the high degree of abstraction, the impossibility of practical activities due to the planning and infrastructure necessary for its development. Understanding the challenges faced by teachers for the development of teaching strategies that ensure the learning of genetics, in a contextualized way, this work is developed. The objective of the described work was to elaborate and develop didactic strategies that allow the presentation of genetic contents in a contextualized way. An Investigative Didactic Sequence (SEI) was developed, in which the contents of Molecular Biology applied to Genetics were addressed in order to answer the question: “How to approach the concepts of Genetics to the context of students inserted in Rural Education?”. It is a qualitative research of a participative nature, developed with students from the Education of the country, from the 3rd year of high school in Colniza/MT. It was observed that the students understood definitions such as: DNA, RNA, Chromosomes, Gene, Genome, as well as the perception of gene selection in the improvement of species and identified it as a recurrent practice in the area.
O enfoque Ciência–Tecnologia-Sociedade (CTS) tem permeado o contexto das pesquisas brasileiras em Educação em Ciências. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo teve como objetivo identificar, descrever e analisar as produções sobre o ensino de Ciências (EC) com foco na abordagem CTS, no período de 2014 a 2019. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como bibliográfica, na qual foram sintetizados 34 trabalhos. Os principais resultados das pesquisas indicam a viabilidade da implementação do enfoque CTS no EC. Em contrapartida, há algumas limitações que ainda precisam ser considerados como a adoção de uma abordagem contextualizada dos conteúdos, diversidade de estratégias e recursos didáticos, formação docente, mudança na postura do professor e dos alunos.
The outbreak of arbovirus vectors may result from a combination of human population growth, urbanization in tropical areas and a large expansion of the geographic distribution of Aedes aegypti. The objective of this research was to identify the populations of this vector in urban areas of four municipalities in the Baixada Cuiabana, using ovitraps, captured between October 2015 and November 2016. The electrophoresis technique was used, which aims to investigate the expression of esterase in biological samples in different environments. Esterases, such as carboxylesterase and cholinesterase, are involved in the development of resistance to chemical compounds in several insects, including the genus Aedes. The staining intensity of the gels was classified as "expressed bands", with weaker staining; and "overexpressed bands", with a darker color, indicative of the stronger presence of esterases. The analyses by the Mann-Whitney test of the Ae. aegypti population showed variability in esterase expression patterns with time, seasons and sites, which may undergo selection pressures related to the rainfall regime. An important factor that represented a higher frequency of isoenzyme overexpression was the beginning of the rains, in November/2016. Variations in the expression of bands between individuals of a population and between populations within the same species in different periods and places were conclusive of the vector populations as polymorphic.
Dos vários desafios encontrados atualmente por professores, destacam-se a dificuldade e a complexidade em encontrar soluções para melhoria da qualidade do ensino nas escolas públicas do país. Não basta, contudo, o esforço dos professores em buscar propostas de ensino, como também não basta, apenas, a reestruturação nas normas que regulamentam o ensino brasileiro, quando se deseja empregar práticas de ensino diferenciadas no ensino de Biologia ou de qualquer outra disciplina; esse é um processo que depende do esforço conjunto de toda comunidade escolar. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral avaliar os limites, perspectivas e oportunidades do uso da plataforma Youtube como ferramenta de apoio educacional para o ensino de Biologia. De modo específico, propôs-se avaliar se a utilização da plataforma Youtube como ferramenta de apoio à proposta investigativa em sala de aula, contribuiu para fomentar o protagonismo dos alunos e o interesse efetivo pelos estudos de Biologia. Para o emprego dessa ferramenta e realização da pesquisa foram planejadas atividades em uma sequência didática. Por meio de sua aplicação, os alunos que participaram das aulas, além de outras atividades, responderam a dois questionários, que forneceram dados para se chegar às conclusões, o que possibilitou verificar que os alunos aprovam o uso da plataforma Youtube como ferramenta de busca de conhecimento. A observação do comportamento dos jovens no ambiente escolar permitiu perceber que, nessa geração, o uso de Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDICs), cada vez mais, vem se tornando elemento pertencente ao cotidiano de cada um.
Esterases are groups of enzymes that increase the mechanism of action of insect vectors in their metabolic activity while under environmental pressure. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of �-esterase expression in Aedes aegypti populations in the municipalities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande, MT as a way to contribute to vector research. Samples were collected through ovitraps in each municipality and allele results were analyzed by factorial ANOVA between months, locations and seasonal phase. The alleles of 385 Ae. aegypti individuals demonstrated the highest expressions during the ebb period, significantly between months (F7,377=6.89; p<0.01) and between sites (F1,383=11.01). Expressed and superexpressed alleles decreased in Mar/2016, during the "peak water" period and resumed from May/2016 to Nov/2016. Regarding the frequency, expressed alleles increased in Várzea Grande, during the flood period with the highest precipitation. There was an increasing tendency of the expressed alleles with precipitation and the frequency values between Oct/2015 (30%±88) and Feb/2016 (89±55%); meanwhile, for the superexpressed alleles, this occurred during the ebb period (42±91%). Várzea Grande specimens reached a higher frequency of expressed alleles (75±41.36%), but there was a reduction of overexpressed alleles in both municipalities (F2,13=12.39; p<0.01). The results obtained in this study indicate that the esterase isoenzyme method was sensitive enough to detect variations in allele frequency in natural Ae. aegypti populations, which implies an increased metabolic activity over the period examined.
Tendo em vista a finalidade essencial do estágio, a Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) e o Tribunal de Contas do Estado de Mato Grosso (TCE-MT) firmaram convênio para operacionalização do programa de estágio. Busca-se, nesse processo, que o estagiário possa revelar a capacidade de questionar, problematizar, conhecer e movimentar-se dentro dos cenários de práticas profissionais. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a aprendizagem do estagiário no seu campo de atuação profissional, no âmbito do convênio UFMT/TCE. Nesse processo, envolveram-se agentes da academia (professores e alunos) e servidores do TCE-MT. O procedimento de coleta e análise de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e da aplicação de questionário com pelo menos 30% dos estagiários do convênio. A título de triangulação de coleta de dados participaram da pesquisa professores orientadores e responsáveis diretos pelos estagiários no TCE. Este trabalho envolveu observações, participações e intervenções realizadas durante o estágio, almejando a reflexão sobre a relação entre prática e teoria, bem como as dificuldades e desafios durante esse processo.
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