RESUMOEste estudo se propôs relacionar as variáveis ambientais com a biota presente em duas baías do Pantanal Matogrossense, próximas à cidade de Cáceres-MT. Foram coletados dados de variáveis bióticas e abióticas da água em seis pontos de amostragem durante um ano de pesquisa, compreendendo os quatro períodos hidrológicos do Pantanal. Foi encontrada rica fauna de invertebrados aquáticos associados à macrófitas, tendo a Classe Insecta maior representatividade. As variáveis oxigênio dissolvido, transparência e profundidade apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os períodos hidrológicos. Os grupos Nematoda, Ostracoda, Decapoda, Chironomidae, Dityscidae e Copepoda estiveram significativamente correlacionados com as variáveis estudadas. Estes resultados podem indicar que as variáveis limnológicas exerceram influência na comunidade de invertebrados aquáticos e que modificações na qualidade da água podem resultar em uma alteração na microbiota, a qual exerce papel fundamental no fluxo de matéria e ciclagem de nutrientes dentro de um ecossistema aquático. Palavras-chave: Variáveis limnológicas. Invertebrados bentônicos. Pantanal Matogrossense. ABSTRACTThis study aimed to compare the environmental variables with this biota in two bays in the Pantanal near the city of Cáceres-MT. Data of biotic and abiotic variables of the water sampling were analyzed on six sampling points for one year survey comprising four Pantanal hydrological periods. Rich invertebrate fauna associated with aquatic macrophytes were found; with the Class Insecta is

ABSTRACT. We characterized the local benthic Chironomidae by analyzing the numerical density, biomass, diversity index of Shannon-Wiener and dominance of larvae in the main channel of the Ivinhema River, in a secondary channel, in five lakes connected to the main channel and in five lakes without connection. Of the 68 taxa identified, Aedokritus sp., Tanytarsus sp., Chironomus strenzkei Fittkau, 1968 and Procladius sp.1 were found in all sampling sites and were considered morphospecies with greater of greatest ecological plasticity. Chironomus strenzkei Fittkau, 1968, contributed with the greatest biomass in the central region of lakes without connection, whereas Aedokritus sp. dominated in the littoral of lakes.The greater values of diversity indices in the littoral region of channels were due to the greater water flow and to the higher food availability in these areas. The dominance indices, by contrast, were greater on the central region of these environments. The littoral region has exclusive characteristics, representing habitats that could play important controlling in the numerical density and index diversity on the ecosystem, whereas that the biomass of benthic invertebrates in the central region in some biotopes would have different spatial probably according organisms drift. KEYWORDS.Chironomidae larvae, biomass, diversity, dominance, Paraná River. RESUMO. Estrutura taxonômica e numérica de Chironomidae (Diptera) em diferentes habitats de uma várzea neotropical. As larvas deChironomidae foram caracterizadas localmente para analisar a densidade, biomassa, índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener e dominância no canal principal do Rio Ivinhema, em um canal secundário, em cinco lagoas conectadas ao canal principal e cinco lagoas sem conexão. Dos 68 taxa, Aedokritus sp., Tanytarsus sp., Chironomus strenzkei Fittkau, 1968 e Procladius sp.1 foram encontrados em todos os locais de amostragem e foram consideradas as morfoespécies com a maior plasticidade ecológica. Chironomus strenzkei contribuiu com a maior biomassa na região central das lagoas sem conexão, enquanto que Aedokritus sp. dominou na região litorânea das lagoas. Os maiores valores do índice de diversidade na região litorânea dos canais foram pertinentes ao maior fluxo de água e disponibilidade de alimento nessas áreas. Os índices de dominância, em contraste, foram maiores na região central desses ambientes. A região litorânea tem características exclusivas, com habitats que apresentaram um importante papel no controle da densidade numérica e índice de diversidade no ecossistema, enquanto que a biomassa dos invertebrados bentônicos na região central em alguns biótopos pode ter diferenças espaciais de acordo com a deriva de organismos.

No abstract

Scientific investigation of disease vectors is indispensable for knowledge of its Ecology, as they affect the health of human population. In this work, we present the results of the distribution and abundance of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Massairo Okamura and Mãe Bonifácia state parks, Cuiabá-Mato Grosso, Brazil, to understand how changes in the rainy season interfere with their proliferation in natural wild areas located in urban regions. The focus was to investigate the coexistence of these species in the capture sites. The collections were carried out in eight campaigns within a period of 11 months of the year 2019, through ovitraps, with a total of 10 traps for each park. The results of the variables abundance (n) and relative humidity (%) were analyzed by the Statistic 7.0 program using factorial ANOVA. The 7117 quantified larvae produced 1462 adults for the two parks, with significant variability in mean abundance values between months and between sampling points. The record of the co-occurrence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus resulted in their coexistence and use of similar breeding sites under advantageous conditions for their colonization. The results presented showed that the parks have vulnerabilities in relation to the proliferation of vectors, and the environments must go through constant epidemiological surveillance. Faced with a serious situation in relation to arboviruses, it is essential to adopt strategies with greater investments in adequate methods, which provide sustainability to the actions established by surveillance networks.

Esterases are groups of enzymes that increase the mechanism of action of insect vectors in their metabolic activity while under environmental pressure. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of �-esterase expression in Aedes aegypti populations in the municipalities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande, MT as a way to contribute to vector research. Samples were collected through ovitraps in each municipality and allele results were analyzed by factorial ANOVA between months, locations and seasonal phase. The alleles of 385 Ae. aegypti individuals demonstrated the highest expressions during the ebb period, significantly between months (F7,377=6.89; p<0.01) and between sites (F1,383=11.01). Expressed and superexpressed alleles decreased in Mar/2016, during the "peak water" period and resumed from May/2016 to Nov/2016. Regarding the frequency, expressed alleles increased in Várzea Grande, during the flood period with the highest precipitation. There was an increasing tendency of the expressed alleles with precipitation and the frequency values between Oct/2015 (30%±88) and Feb/2016 (89±55%); meanwhile, for the superexpressed alleles, this occurred during the ebb period (42±91%). Várzea Grande specimens reached a higher frequency of expressed alleles (75±41.36%), but there was a reduction of overexpressed alleles in both municipalities (F2,13=12.39; p<0.01). The results obtained in this study indicate that the esterase isoenzyme method was sensitive enough to detect variations in allele frequency in natural Ae. aegypti populations, which implies an increased metabolic activity over the period examined.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the gaps, trends and advances in the uses of the concepts of flood pulse and climate change through the analysis of scientometrics in Limnology in the Pantanal, between the years 1990 to 2021. The most studied ecological groups and rivers were: aquatic macrophytes and phytoplankton, and Cuiabá and Paraguai, respectively, with the highest number of article publications between 2016-2020. The temporal dynamics of social networks showed the presence of new local institutions, from other Brazilian and international states in the last 20 years. Studies on climate change are still incipient, while those related to the flood pulse are more frequent in the Pantanal. Trends and advances were found in the ecosystem approach of the flood pulse, related to the height of the water level. Few studies address the flood pulse in terms of duration and frequency. The flood pulse is shown as a consolidated concept, emerging as a highly sensitive tool in the face of short, medium and long-term environmental changes, such as climate change, making it possible to identify and deal with socio-environmental challenges and point out participatory governance mechanisms.

The outbreak of arbovirus vectors may result from a combination of human population growth, urbanization in tropical areas and a large expansion of the geographic distribution of Aedes aegypti. The objective of this research was to identify the populations of this vector in urban areas of four municipalities in the Baixada Cuiabana, using ovitraps, captured between October 2015 and November 2016. The electrophoresis technique was used, which aims to investigate the expression of esterase in biological samples in different environments. Esterases, such as carboxylesterase and cholinesterase, are involved in the development of resistance to chemical compounds in several insects, including the genus Aedes. The staining intensity of the gels was classified as "expressed bands", with weaker staining; and "overexpressed bands", with a darker color, indicative of the stronger presence of esterases. The analyses by the Mann-Whitney test of the Ae. aegypti population showed variability in esterase expression patterns with time, seasons and sites, which may undergo selection pressures related to the rainfall regime. An important factor that represented a higher frequency of isoenzyme overexpression was the beginning of the rains, in November/2016. Variations in the expression of bands between individuals of a population and between populations within the same species in different periods and places were conclusive of the vector populations as polymorphic.

ABSTRACT.To investigate the emergence of Chironomidae in different habitats of a floodplain lake of the upper Paraná river floodplain, four collection points were established: marginal regions (one with numerous macrophytes species, other dominated by only Polygonum sp.), central region and linking channel. Adults were captured by surface emergence traps assembled every three months, from May 2001 to March 2002. The traps remained for a period of about 48 hours, obtaining quantitative data for richness and abundance. 944 adults distributed into three subfamilies and 40 taxa were captured. The taxa identified at the species level were: Goeldichironomus neopictus, G. petiolicola, G. maculatus, Tanytarsus ligulatus, Parachironomus atroari, P. guarani and P. cayapo. Higher abundances were observed for Polypedilum (Tripodura) sp.1 and Tanytarsus ligulatus. There was a considerable variation in the richness among the collection points, mainly on the marginal area, with 38 taxa. In the central region (five taxa) and in the linking channel, were registered the predominance of Aedokritus sp. The higher diversity and abundance of Chironomidae in the littoral area may be related to the presence of aquatic macrophytes that provide shelter and food, resulting in increased recruitment of new individuals in this region.Keywords: aquatic insects, habitats, neotropical floodplain, diversity, emergence traps.Emergência de Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) em uma lagoa de inundação do alto rio Paraná, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil RESUMO. Para investigar a emergência de Chironomidae em diferentes habitats foram estabelecidos quatro pontos em uma lagoa de inundação da planície do alto rio Paraná: dois na região litorânea (um em região com muitas espécies de macrófitas e outro dominado somente por Polygonum sp.), um na região central e um no canal de ligação. Os adultos foram capturados em armadilhas de superfície de emergência (flutuantes) instaladas trimestralmente, de maio/2001 a março/2002. As armadilhas permaneceram por um período de 48±2h, obtendose dados quantitativos para riqueza e abundância. Foram capturados 944 adultos distribuídos em três subfamílias e 40 táxons. Os táxons identificados em nível específico foram: Goeldichironomus neopictus, G. petiolicola, G. maculatus, Tanytarsus ligulatus, Parachironomus atroari, P. guarani e P. cayapo. As maiores abundâncias foram de Polypedilum (Tripodura) sp.1 e Tanytarus ligulatus. Houve considerável variação na riqueza de adultos entre os pontos de coleta, principalmente na região litorânea, com 38 táxons. Na região central (cinco táxons) e no canal de ligação, foi registrada a predominância de Aedokritus sp. As maiores abundâncias e riquezas nas regiões litorâneas podem estar relacionadas à presença de macrófitas aquáticas, que fornecem abrigo e recursos alimentares, resultando em maior recrutamento de novos indivíduos nessa região.Palavras-chave: insetos aquáticos, habitats, planície de inundação Neotropical, diversidade, armadilhas de emergência.