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RESUMOObjetivou-se, com o trabalho, avaliar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas do ar de secagem na qualidade física, química e biológica de grãos de aveia branca da cultivar Albasul. Grãos de aveia (Avena sativa L.) foram submetidos à secagem estacionária com temperaturas de 25, 50, 75 e 100 ºC até a umidade de 13 %, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Nas amostras, foram determinados peso volumétrico, peso de 1000 grãos, germinação e vigor. Os grãos de aveia foram submetidos ao descascamento, moagem em granulometria inferior a 0,5 mm e avaliadas quanto a composição centesimal, atividade residual das enzimas lipase e peroxidase, cor e teor de beta-glicanas. O aumento de temperatura do ar de secagem intensificou a redução da qualidade biológica, expressa por meio do poder germinativo e vigor, além de provocar reduções no peso de 1000 grãos e peso volumétrico. As condições de secagem não foram suficientes para inativar as enzimas lipase e peroxidase, embora tenham provocado reduções nas suas atividades. Na secagem realizada com temperatura do ar superior a 75 ºC ocorreu redução significativa no teor de beta-glicanas. Termos para indexação:Avena sativa, composição química, beta-glicanas, lípase. ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to investigate the effect of different air drying temperatures upon the physical, chemical and biological quality of white oat grains, Albasul cultivar. Oat grains (Avena sativa L.) were submitted to stationary drying at 25, 50, 75 and 100 ºC until 13 % of moisture, in totally randomized arrangement. In the samples, volumetric weight, weight of 1000 grains, germination and vigor were determined. The oats grains were husked, grounded at granulometry inferior to 0.5 mm, and analyzed according to centesimal composition, residual activity lipase and peroxidase, color and content of â-glucans. Increasing the temperature of drying air intensified the reduction of biological quality, expressed through germinative power and vigor, and also led to a decrease in weight of 1000 grains and volumetric weight. The drying conditions were not sufficient to deactivate lipase and peroxidase, although they reduced enzymatic activity. Drying with air temperature above 75 ºC showed significant decrease in the â-glucans.

Oats have received attention because of their nutritional characteristics, especially their high-quality content of β-glucan. The drying process reduces water content; therefore they can be preserved for long periods. However, high-temperature drying process may affect the physical, chemical, and functional properties of the grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different drying temperatures on β-glucan quality in oat grains. Grains of oats (Avena sativa, L.), cultivar Albasul, harvested at harvest moisture content of 23% were submitted to stationary drying at air temperatures of 25, 50, 75, and 100 ºC until they reached 13% moisture content. The β-glucan content was determined in samples of oat grains and extraction was performed using water as solvent at 90 ºC. The β-glucan extract was evaluated for water holding capacity, water retention capacity, capacity of displacement, and gelation properties. Stationary of oat grains at air temperatures above 25 ºC decreased the water holding capacity, whereas the content of β-glucan and the water retention capacity of β-glucan extract was affected at temperatures above 50 ºC. Physical changes such as increased gelation capacity of the β-glucan extract occurred following drying at air temperature over 75 ºC.

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This work aimed to evaluate the influence of the interval of additional fertilizers on growth, productivity and quality of the fruits of Physalis peruviana. Plants were subjected to the treatments: no supplementary foliar fertilizing; weekly interval of supplementary foliar fertilizing and biweekly interval of supplementary foliar fertilizing. Growth, productivity and quality after harvest were analyzed. Plants under weekly interval of supplementary foliar fertilizing presented a higher leaf area and harvest index, however, under biweekly interval, plants presented higher productivity and fruit quality.